Hubungan Citra Tubuh dengan Status Gizi pada Siswi di SMA Negeri 9 Surabaya

Abstract

Background: Teenage age is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. At this age there will be changes in body shape that can affect teenagers' perceptions of body image, especially adolescent girl. The result of a preliminary study at Senior High School 9 Surabaya showed that 7 out of 10 female students were dissatisfied with their body shape so they made certain efforts, such as managing their diet to exercise for get an ideal body.Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze whether there was a relationship between body image and nutritional status in female students at Senior High School 9 Surabaya.Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design carried out 76 of 11th and 12th grades in Senior High School 9 Surabaya. The inclusion criteria in this study were the students not undergoing special diet. The sampling technique used was proportional random sampling. Research data collection was conducted by interview method using body image questionnaire (BSQ-34) and anthropometric measurements. Data analysis used spearman correlation test (α=0.05).Results: The results of this study showed that more than half of the respondents have a positive body image (74%) and normal nutritional status (71%). There was significant relationship between body image and nutritional status of female students at Senior High School 9 Surabaya (p<0.001). Conclusion: Female nutritional status is influenced by body image. Students with a positive body image tend to have normal nutritional status.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Usia remaja merupakan masa peralihan dari masa kanak-kanak menuju masa dewasa. Pada usia ini akan terjadi perubahan bentuk tubuh yang dapat mempengaruhi persepsi remaja mengenai citra tubuh khususnya remaja putri. Hasil studi pendahuluan di SMA Negeri 9 Surabaya menunjukkan bahwa 7 dari 10 siswi merasa tidak puas dengan bentuk tubuhnya sehingga mereka melakukan upaya tertentu, seperti mengatur pola makan hingga berolahraga demi mendapatkan tubuh yang ideal.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis apakah terdapat hubungan antara citra tubuh dengan status gizi pada siswi di SMA Negeri 9 Surabaya.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dilakukan pada 76 siswi kelas XI dan XII di SMA Negeri 9 Surabaya. Kriteria inklusi pada penelitian ini adalah siswi tidak sedang menjalani diet khusus. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportional random sampling. Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan metode wawancara menggunakan kuesioner citra tubuh (BSQ-34) dan pengukuran antropometri. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi spearman (α=0,05).Hasil: Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari separuh responden mempunyai citra tubuh yang positif (74%) dan status gizi yang normal (71%). Ada hubungan antara citra tubuh dengan status gizi pada siswi di SMA Negeri 9 Surabaya (p<0,001).Kesimpulan: Citra tubuh berhubungan dengan status gizi pada siswi di SMA Negeri 9 Surabaya. Siswi dengan citra tubuh positif maka cenderung memiliki status gizi normal.

The Correlation between Body Image and Physical Activity in Female Students of State Senior High School 2 Surabaya (SMA Negeri 2 Surabaya)

“…This shows that the respondent is in middle adolescence 19 . Similar research related to body image on adolescent girls carried out by Bimantara et al 5 , also found a similar age range between 15 to 18 years in female students of class XI at SMA Negeri 9 Surabaya. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development 20,21 , children aged 12-15 years have entered the stage of development of formal operations which means that apart from experiencing physical changes and maturation of reproductive cells, children begin to experience social changes in the way they think and process information.…”

“…The process of growth and development in adolescence occur rapidly, causing an increase in the need for energy and nutrients. In several previous studies which have been carried out by Deshmusk and Kulkarni 4 , and Bimantara et al 5 it has been found that there is a correlation between body image and nutritional status, especially in adolescents. If the body image is bad or commonly referred to as negative body image occurs, there will be nutritional problems 2 .…”

“…Adolescent nutritional status is measured based on the BMI/U index 11 . Past studies have found dissatisfaction of body image in teenagers 5,[12][13][14][15]…”

Persepsi Citra Tubuh, Kecenderungan Gangguan Makan Dan Status Gizi Pada Remaja Putri Di Kota Jambi

“…10 Hasil penellitian ini sejalan dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara persepsi citra tubuh dengan status gizi. 18,25 Sementara itu, penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Ahadzadeh et al (2018) juga menunjukan bahwa BMI memiliki korelasi negatif dengan persepsi citra tubuh (β = -0,090, p <0,005). 26 Berbagai perubahan fisik yang terjadi pada remaja merupakan proses yang alamiah, yang akan dilalui oleh semua individu, namun seringkali ketidaktahuan remaja terhadap perubahan itu sendiri membuat mereka hidup dalam kegelisahan dan perasaan cemas.…”

Factors Related to Body Image and It Correlation With Nutritional Status Among Female Adolescents: A Literature Review

“…A positive body image is when an individual is satisfied and acceptable with changes in her body shape (Jannah et al, 2019). Meanwhile, negative body image is when an individual can not accept her body shape (Bimantara et al, 2019).…”