https://iarjset.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/IARJSET.2019.61204.pdf

Alqahtani, Jawaher

doi:10.17148/iarjset.2019.61204

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Leakage occurs when the perpetrators make their intentions known prior to the attack and may be written or verbal. Estimates of leakage that occurs in all mass public shootings ranges from around 30% to 40% in other work (Capellan & Gomez, 2018; Capellan & Jiao, 2019; Duwe, 2020, but see a higher estimate in Lankford et al, 2019).…”

Section: Mass Public Shootingsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…While developing mass public shooter profiles remains problematic because they often fail to differentiate between people likely to commit mass shootings and those who are not (Schildkraut et al, 2019), characteristics of the incident, including how it was carried out, may point to possible intervention points (Capellan & Jiao, 2019). For example, Capellan and Jiao (2019) found that about half of perpetrators were seeking revenge, and there was a clear precipitant. Leakage occurs when the perpetrators make their intentions known prior to the attack and may be written or verbal.…”

Section: Mass Public Shootingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Averting Tragedy: An Exploration of Thwarted Mass Public Shootings Relative to Completed Attacks

Rocque

Gerdes

Fox

et al. 2022

Criminal Justice Review

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Scholarship on mass public shootings has increased in recent years as comprehensive datasets have become more available. As a result, much is known about the contextual and offender related characteristics of such attacks. However, less research has been conducted on attacks that were planned but ultimately did not occur. Understanding how mass public shootings may be thwarted or averted is important for both policy and theoretical reasons. In this paper, we describe a new dataset of averted mass public shooting threats (N = 194) from 2000–2019 and compare them to mass public shootings that were completed during this time (N = 97). Several noteworthy findings emerged, including that nearly half of the averted cases were reported by a friend or acquaintance, most targeted a specific location or group, and averted cases were more likely to involve school targets and co-offenders. Implications are discussed.

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Section: Mass Public Shootingsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Mass Public Shootingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Averting Tragedy: An Exploration of Thwarted Mass Public Shootings Relative to Completed Attacks

Rocque

Gerdes

Fox

et al. 2022

Criminal Justice Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Besides, to evaluate the ASD‐oriented requirement of safe driving operations, that is, the ASD must be greater than or at least equal to the RSD [75, 76], the RSD for LAVs needs to be calculated. According to the classification of driving automation levels proposed in [1] and professional investigations [77] of the sensor configuration of commercially available or test AVs, possible levels for LAVs include conditional (level 3, L3), high (level 3, L4), and full (level 5, L5) automation due to the utilization of LiDAR‐based perception system.…”

Section: Available Sight Distance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the feasibility of current spiral curve design controls for LiDAR‐based automated vehicles

Wang

Mao

et al. 2022

IET Intelligent Trans Sys

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Enabling large-scale deployment of automated vehicles (AVs) in the near future requires answering the question firstly: whether AVs could safely adapt to as-built road geometry? This study aims to examine the feasibility of current spiral curve design controls for LiDAR-based AVs (LAVs) from the perspective of the available sight distance (ASD). A series of tests featuring the design speed (V d ), lengths of tangent (L T ) and spiral (L S ), circular curve radii (R), and point thresholds for detection (N T ) were simulated in PreScan/MATLAB/Simulink co-simulation platform. The ASDs affected by those parameters' combined effects were analyzed and compared with required stopping sight distances (RSDs) of human-driven vehicles (HVs) and level 3 to 5 (L3-L5) LAVs followed by proposing the ASD-oriented safe speeds and the corresponding speed limits. The results indicate that: (1) the combination of the tangent-spiral curve-circular curve causes a shorter ASD than that without the spiral curve; (2) a longer spiral curve causes a shorter ASD; and (3) only a low-type combination of R, L S , V d conditions is feasible for L3 LAVs while L4 or L5 LAVs have difficulties in dealing with high-type conditions. These findings help understand the ASD for AVs and provide safety-critical speed references for administrators. INTRODUCTIONAutomated vehicles (AVs), generally referring to vehicles equipped with level 3 to 5 automation systems [1], are anticipated to serve as an optimal solution for improving traffic safety mainly by mitigating driver errors [2-4]. For example, AVs are capable of obtaining more stable perception-functional performances and response ability through their sensor-based perception systems and onboard computing units [5], while the perception system of human drivers relying on the eyes and brains is easily affected by their psychophysical conditionsThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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“…The percentage of waste composition in the West Bank is nearly identical to that in the Gaza Strip. The composition of waste is illustrated in Exhibit 1 (GIZ, 2014; Thöni & Matar, 2019). As shown in the graph, about half of the waste composed of organic material, making the potential for methane recovery from this waste exceptionally significant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential energy production from organic waste and its environmental and economic impacts at a tertiary institution in Palestine

Abuhelwa

Salah

Bashir

2023

Environmental Quality Mgmt

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Municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the most well-known biomass resources that can be utilized to produce renewable energy. Numerous countries are plagued by the proliferation of waste, particularly organic waste that can be utilized for energy recovery. Palestine suffers from inefficient solid waste management, and only recently have a few projects focused on bioenergy production been implemented. Throughout the years, the city of Tulkarm experiences power outages which cause a challenge to the Palestine Technical University-Kadoorie campus in Tulkarm. Thus, the possibility of energy recovery from the organic portion in Palestine Technical University-Kadoorie was evaluated. The analysis of an economic impact included discussions of a number of economic aspects, including Levelized cost of energy, internal rate of return, present worth, annual worth, and payback period. On the other hand, a carbon dioxide savings analysis and gas emission were evaluated. The outcomes of the energy optimization demonstrated that the suggested system could supply the institution with an average of roughly 7 MWh of electrical energy. According to the economic study, this project offers 0.25 million dollars in present value, 0.144 million dollars in annual value, a 13 percent internal rate of return, a payback period of 6 years, and a levelized cost of energy of 0.11 dollars for each kWh generated. Additionally, the environmental assessment revealed that this system might reduce CO 2 emissions by around 8,343,778 tons.For effective waste management, energy recovery, and emission reduction, it is advised to implement anaerobic digestion technology.

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https://iarjset.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/IARJSET.2019.61204.pdf

Cited by 41 publications

References 10 publications

Averting Tragedy: An Exploration of Thwarted Mass Public Shootings Relative to Completed Attacks

Averting Tragedy: An Exploration of Thwarted Mass Public Shootings Relative to Completed Attacks

Examining the feasibility of current spiral curve design controls for LiDAR‐based automated vehicles

Potential energy production from organic waste and its environmental and economic impacts at a tertiary institution in Palestine

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