“…The remaining part is short ranged and can be calculated by the cutoff scheme similar to the LJ interactions. It is mentioned that there are other kinds of powerful and linear-scaling method for fast evaluation of the electrostatic interactions, including fast multipole methods, , multigrids, and Maxwell-equation molecular dynamics, where the fast multipole methods are particularly efficient for systems for large scale problems and for the case of inhomogeneous particle distribution. , These fundamental methods for computing forces are all required to combine with modern distributed architectures, i.e., the well-known 3D domain decomposition. ,, The advances on domain decomposition, building neighbor lists, and time integration are contributed to the latest topics of algorithm development.…”