HSA-MnO₂-¹³¹I Combined Imaging and Treatment of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Abstract

Purpose Compelling evidence suggests that nanoparticles (NPs) play a crucial role in cancer therapy. NPs templated with human serum albumin (HSA) has good retention in tumors. Manganese dioxide (MnO2) has been used to enhance the effect of radiotherapy. In this study, synthesized NPs using HSA-MnO2 labeled 131I to perform both imaging and therapy for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). Method HSA-MnO2 was synthesized via HSA using a simple biomineralization method, and then labeled with Na131I by the chloramine T method. The cytotoxicity and biosafety of HSA-MnO2 were evaluated by the MTT test. The proliferation-inhibiting effect of HSA-MnO2-131I was evaluated in papillary thyroid cancer cell lines (K1, BCPAP, and KTC) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell lines (Cal62, THJ16T, and ARO). For further translational application in medicine, we established a model of transplantable subcutaneously tumors in BALB\c-nu mice to assess the anti-tumor effect of HSA-MnO2-131I. The imaging effects of NPs were evaluated by MRI and SPECT/CT. Results The MTT test proved that the HSA-MnO2 had low toxicity. HSA-MnO2-131I significantly inhibited the proliferation of PTC and ATC cell lines. In addition, the results unveiled that HSA-MnO2-131I exhibited dual-modality MR/SPECT imaging for thyroid cancer visualization. In particular, HSA-MnO2-131I had an enhanced T1 signal in MR. Using SPECT/CT, we observed that HSA-MnO2-131I had good retention in tumor tissue, which was helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of tumor. In vivo assays indicated that the NPs led to a reduction in radioresistance in the tumor hypoxic microenvironment. Conclusion The nanomaterial had a simple synthesis method, good water solubility and biosafety, and good retention in tumor tissue. Hence, it could be used for SPECT/CT and MR dual mode imaging and therapy with radioiodine of tumor cells. The experimental results provided a feasible solution for combining radiotherapy and dual-model imaging by NPs for cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Research progress of serum albumin in the field of drug delivery

“…52 Serum albumin plays an important role in maintaining osmotic pressure, drug transportation and storage, among which carboxyl and amino groups can adsorb inorganic metal ions in affinity, and the interaction of them with functional inorganic particles can significantly improve the uptake performance of cells and reduce cytotoxicity. 53,54 Wang et al 55 used BSA to prepare ultra-small magnetic NMs through biomineralization technology, which can be used for targeted imaging of tumors. Chen et al used BSA to synthesize a functional BSA-Gd complex by biomineralization technology, which can be used for REDOX reaction drug delivery and MR Diagnostic imaging.…”

Advances in the application of manganese dioxide and its composites for theranostics

“…52 In the preparation of MnO 2 , bio-organic materials are introduced to guide Mn 2+ nucleation, which then spontaneously forms MnO 2 via oxidation or growth in alkaline solutions. Additionally, MnO 2 can be combined with bio-organic materials such as serum albumin (HSA) 53 and genetically engineered proteins 54 for imaging purposes. Overall, this approach is one of the most effective strategies due to its econ- omical, convenient and environmentally friendly advantages.…”

Nanomaterials: a promising multimodal theranostics platform for thyroid cancer

“…Nanomaterials in response to tumor microenvironment (TME) stimulation: adapted with permission from ref. 172 Nanomaterials in response to physical stimulation: adapted with permission from ref. 188. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2023 aspiration (FNA) is the current gold standard for diagnosing thyroid cancer.…”

“…23,78 Nuclear imaging has been used to guide PTT and gene therapy, 62,130,169 while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to guide thyroid cancer treatment. 172 Multimodal imaging has also been used to simultaneously monitor drug concentrations and guide therapy. 62 For example, Zhang and colleagues developed 131 I-BSA-MSNS-anti-VEGFR therapy for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC).…”