HPV-Related Papillary Lesions of the Oral Mucosa: A Review

Abstract

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are causative of a group of clinically papillary lesions. The HPV-related lesions of the oral cavity include squamous papilloma, condyloma acuminatum, verruca vulgaris, and multifocal epithelial hyperplasia. Benign entities, such as verruciform xanthoma or giant cell fibroma, as well as malignancies, such as papillary squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma, may be considered in the clinical and/or histologic differential diagnoses of these lesions. Mechanisms of infection, epidemiology, clinical presentations, histologic features, and differential diagnoses of the HPV-related oral pathologies are discussed. Current concepts of viral transmission, especially as pertaining to lesions in pediatric patients, and the impacts of HPV vaccination are reviewed.

Recurrent p16-Positive Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Associated Oral Lesions Treated with a Diode Laser: A Case Report Oral Lesions Treated with a Diode Laser: A Case Report

“…Over the last decade, it has been shown that HPV infection represents a cause for a subset of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). 1,4 A recent study found an increased incidence (ranging from approximately 50% to 225%) of HPV-associated OSCCs. HPV-16 is the most prevalent type, being present in at least 90% of HPV-associated OSCCs.…”

“…3 HPV 11,16, and 18 are strongly associated with malignant transformation, especially in the oropharynx. 4 HPV 11,16, and 18 are found within the neoplastic cells. Of note, the hypothesis of their oncogenic potential is supported by several observations: the virus's epithelial tropism, the wellknown etiologic role of HPV in almost all squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the uterine cervix and in approximately 40% of the cases of other SCCs, and the histological similarities between the epithelium of the uterine and oral mucous membranes.…”

“…The gold standard for the treatment of HPV lesions is surgical excision; however, this technique faces the possibility of multiple recurrences. 4 Radical excision using a cold blade may be somewhat difficult, particularly for widespread lesions and for lesions in anatomical sites (e.g., the hard palate) where a first intention closure would be either difficult or induce scars which could potentially limit oral functionality. Laser surgery represents a better surgical approach compared to a traditional approach.…”

Exuberant oral lesions in an immunocompromised patient

“…Usually pedunculated, colors range from white to pink/red and generally presenting as a solitary lesion, which are different from those in this case. 1 Condyloma accuminatum—Correct. Condyloma accuminatum in the oral cavity is a rare disease, it is sexually transmitted, and is most common in adults.…”

“…Koilocytes may be observed in the upper spinous layer, and there is a chronic subepithelial inflammatory infiltrate and dilated capillaries in the lamina propria. 1 , 2 Heck disease—Incorrect. Rare and benign disease.…”