HPV Infection: Pathogenesis and Detection

Aggarwal, Pakhee

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-3438-2_9

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The life cycle features of HPV play an important role in the evading recognition by the immune system and viral pathogenesis. The life cycle of HPV is characterized by nonlytic immunity of infected cells and the lack of viremia and inflammatory signals ( 23 ).…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Hpv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The low-risk nononcogenic types of HPV are linked to warts and other benign pathologies in both sexes. Fifteen HPV including HPV16, HPV18, HPV31, HPV33, HPV35, HPV39, HPV45, HPV51, HPV52, HPV56, HPV58, HPV59, HPV68, HPV73, and HPV82 are thought to be high risk ( 23 ). In most patients, HPV infection is asymptomatic and can be controlled by the immune system.…”

Section: Immune Response To Hpvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a small number of cases, the viral lesions progress to invasive cancer, especially when HPV types 16 and 18 are involved ( 21 ). Most sexually active men and women will be infected with one or more types of HPV at some point in their lives, but the majority of them will improve from infection without any symptoms ( 23 ). The immune responses play a crucial role in clearing most HPV infections.…”

Section: Immune Response To Hpvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The limited replication of viral episome in CIN1 and some CIN2 lesions decreases the expression levels of E6 and E7 proteins in persistent HPV infection. However, high E6 and E7 expression levels have been detected in some CIN2 lesions, CIN3, and invasive cancers, whose viral DNA is integrated into the host cell genome ( 23 ). These results strongly indicate that oncoproteins E5, E6, and E7 have major roles in the negative regulation of immune response and development of HPV-associated cancers.…”

Section: Hpv and Etiology Of Human Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Update on Human Papilloma Virus Vaccines: History, Types, Protection, and Efficacy

et al. 2022

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted agent worldwide. Early prevention with HPV vaccination is a safe and effective method against this disease. HPV vaccines provided more protection against several oncogenic HPV strains. Three prophylactic HPV vaccines have been approved to target high-risk HPV types and protect against HPV-related disorders. These existing vaccines are based on the recombinant DNA technology and purified L1 protein that is assembled to form HPV empty shells. The prophylactic vaccines are highly immunogenic and can induce production of specific neutralizing antibodies. However, therapeutic vaccines are different from these prophylactic vaccines. They induced cell-mediated immunity against transformed cells, instead of neutralizing antibodies. The second generation of prophylactic HPV vaccines, made from alternative viral components using cost-effective production strategies, is undergoing clinical evaluation. The purpose of this review is to provide a complete and up-to-date review of the types of HPV vaccines and the efficiency of each of them for readers.

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Section: Pathogenesis Of Hpv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immune Response To Hpvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immune Response To Hpvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hpv and Etiology Of Human Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Update on Human Papilloma Virus Vaccines: History, Types, Protection, and Efficacy

et al. 2022

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“…38% of diagnosed women to be under the age of 45 years old 1 . The most common cause of cervical cancer is attributed to persistent infection of the human papillomavirus (HPV), where HPV 16 and 18 together are responsible for 70% of all cases 2,3. There are more than 200 known HPV genotypes, which are stratified as high-risk (oncogenic) or low-risk (non-oncogenic) based on their carcinogenicity 3,4 . Although most infections are non-pathogenic and resolve spontaneously without symptoms, a minority persist to cause various diseases 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of multi-beam PDT treatment in cervical cancer caused by various HPV genotype infections

Kim¹,

Lee²,

Lee³

et al. 2023

Optical Methods for Tumor Treatment and Detection: Mechanisms and Techniques in Photodynamic Therapy XXXI

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Cervical cancer, associated with persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, continues to be common among women of reproductive age. With the development of HPV molecular diagnostic techniques, a growing number of people are tested positive for various high-risk HPV genotypes, the causative agent of cervical cancer. Consequently, there is a need to develop treatment methods for such potential cervical cancer patients. Standard treatments consist of excisional methods which do not target HPV infections and have been reported to increase the risk of reproductive problems. Previous studies have shown reduced HPV levels after photodynamic therapy (PDT) and its efficacy against cervical cancer. The coordinated application of light and photosensitizer is needed to limit cell death to the lesion and preserve the surrounding healthy tissue. However, localizing light exposure can be difficult, especially in minimally accessible areas such as the cervix. To address this, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo effect of a multi-beam PDT system, in which the light beams can be individually adjusted to match the lesion’s size and shape. The findings suggest that this multi-beam PDT system has the potential of becoming a more conservative fertility-sparing option that can localize treatment and meet patients’ reproductive needs.

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Update on Pathologic Conditions, Imaging Findings, Prevention, and Management of Human Papillomavirus–related Neoplasms

Katabathina,

Ghannam,

Chen

et al. 2024

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HPV Infection: Pathogenesis and Detection

Cited by 3 publications

References 83 publications

An Update on Human Papilloma Virus Vaccines: History, Types, Protection, and Efficacy

An Update on Human Papilloma Virus Vaccines: History, Types, Protection, and Efficacy

A study of multi-beam PDT treatment in cervical cancer caused by various HPV genotype infections

Update on Pathologic Conditions, Imaging Findings, Prevention, and Management of Human Papillomavirus–related Neoplasms

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