HPLC–PDA Polyphenolic Quantification, UHPLC–MS Secondary Metabolite Composition, and In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition Potential of Bougainvillea glabra

Abstract

The plants of the Bougainvillea genus are widely explored regarding nutritive and medicinal purposes. In this study, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of Bougainvillea glabra (Choisy.) aerial and flower parts were analyzed for high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC–PDA), ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS) phytochemical composition, and enzyme inhibition potential against key enzymes involved in diabetes (α-amylase), skin problems (tyrosinase), and inflammatory disorders (lipoxygenase (LOX)). HPLC–PDA quantification revealed the identification of nine different polyphenolics, amongst which both flower extracts were richest. The flower MeOH extract contained the highest amount of catechin (6.31 μg/g), gallic acid (2.39 μg/g), and rutin (1.26 μg/g). However, none of the quantified compounds were detected in the aerial DCM extract. UHPLC–MS analysis of DCM extracts revealed the tentative identification of 27 secondary metabolites, where the most common belonged to terpenoid, alkaloid, and phenolic derivatives. Similarly, for enzyme inhibition, all the extracts presented moderate activity against tyrosinase and α-amylases, whereas, for LOX, both methanolic extracts showed higher percentage inhibition compared with DCM extracts. Based on our findings, B. glabra could be regarded as a perspective starting material for designing novel pharmaceuticals.

Evaluation of the Antiwrinkle Activity of Enriched Isatidis Folium Extract and an HPLC–UV Method for the Quality Control of Its Cream Products

“…While the PDA data were effective for identifying the class of the flavonoid and phenolic acid compounds, the MS data supplied further structural characterization. The produced fragmentation of the predominant negative ions in the MS/MS mode were used to produce fragmentation ions to obtain more detailed information about the molecular masses of various compounds [ 20 , 21 ]. Compound identification was confirmed by comparing their UV spectra, MS spectra ( Figures S1–S5 , Table 1 ), and elution order with those in the previously reported literature of components found in Isatidis Folium.…”

DNA-Based Authentication and Metabolomics Analysis of Medicinal Plants Samples by DNA Barcoding and Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS)

“…The 33 market samples of the medicinal plants M. recutita , V. officinalis , Tilia spp. and C. sinensis were analyzed by HPLC-MS to identify and quantify the main bioactive compounds responsible for their pharmacological activity [ 34 ] ( Table 2 , Table 3 , Table 4 and Table 5 , Figure 2 ). Particularly, the compound apigenin-7-glucoside was identified in M. recutita samples.…”

The Compositional Aspects of Edible Flowers as an Emerging Horticultural Product

“…Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives have been detected in the edible flowers of various species, such as Bougainvillea glabra Choisy [38], Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik. [39].…”