HPLC-MS-MS quantification of short-chain fatty acids actively secreted by probiotic strains

Abstract

IntroductionShort-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main by-products of microbial fermentations occurring in the human intestine and are directly involved in the host’s physiological balance. As impaired gut concentrations of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids are often associated with systemic disorders, the administration of SCFA-producing microorganisms has been suggested as attractive approach to solve symptoms related to SCFA deficiency.MethodsIn this research, nine probiotic strains (Bacillus clausii NR, OC, SIN, and T, Bacillus coagulans ATCC 7050, Bifidobacterium breve DSM 16604, Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ATCC 53103, and Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745) commonly included in commercial formulations were tested for their ability to secrete SCFAs by using an improved protocol in high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS-MS).ResultsThe developed method was highly sensitive and specific, showing excellent limits of detection and quantification of secreted SCFAs. All tested microorganisms were shown to secrete acetic acid, with only B. clausii and S. boulardii additionally able to produce propionic and butyric acids. Quantitative differences in the secretion of SCFAs were also evidenced.DiscussionThe experimental approach described in this study may contribute to the characterization of probiotics as SCFA-producing organisms, a crucial stage toward their application to improve SCFA deficiency.

Preconception maternal gut dysbiosis affects enteric nervous system development and disease susceptibility in offspring

“…Further exploration established a robust correlation between embryonic colon GPR41 expression and maternal cecum propionate levels, suggesting that propionate exerts its development in uence on the ENS through GPR41 signaling pathway. Consistent with previous reports 43,44 , our study also demonstrated that L. reuteri enhances host propionate production. Our intervention with L. reuteri in ABX dams further con rms the pivotal role of the propionate-GPR41-GDNF/RET/SOX10 pathway in ENS development.…”

Targeted delivery of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii to the extracellular matrix enhances gut residence time and recovery in murine colitis

“…Short-chain fatty acids are molecules produced by probiotic S. boulardii which are known to have potent anti-inflammatory effects on the host 65 . To evaluate whether genetic modification and/or the presence of antibodies impact the secretion of commonly measured short-chain fatty acids, we measured the concentration of acetate, propionate, and butyrate in the supernatant of S. boulardii cultures as a function of time, at 6 h, 12 h, and 18 h. Figure 3C, D illustrates that all groups exhibit comparable secretion levels of propionate, with a minor difference (1.1-fold) between the S.b.…”

Las pruebas in vitro permiten comprender mejor los efectos terapéuticos de las cepas probióticas comercializadas

“…Ácido acético: Regulación del metabolismo lipídico y del peso corporal. Las nueve cepas probióticas analizadas fueron capaces de secretar ácido acético [2].…”

“…Las cuatro cepas de B. clausii, así como S. boulardii, secretaron ácido propiónico. B. coagulans, B. breve, L. reuteri y L. rhamnosus no secretaban ácido propiónico [2].…”

“…E n dos estudios in vitro se probaron las propiedades de nueve cepas microbianas determinadas aisladas de preparados comerciales (véase la Tab. 1) [1,2]. Debido a la complejidad del tracto gastrointestinal, los resultados individuales in vitro no pueden explicar de forma definitiva los efectos fisiológicos.…”