HPLC methods for choloroquine determination in biological samples and pharmaceutical products

Martins, Yugo Araújo; Gonçalves, Talita Mota; Lopez, Renata Fonseca Vianna

doi:10.1007/s40199-021-00391-y

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…These kinds of difficult activities need advanced approaches, specialized tools, and procedures. Liquid chromatography, specifically highperformance liquid chromatography, has recently emerged as the paramount analytical method employed in both normal quality control agencies and drug development [11,12]. The fundamental benefit of liquid chromatography is its extensive use in academics, education, and routine development over decades, leading to generally recognized and extensively implemented ways of method innovation, method improvement, and problem-solving.…”

Section: Fig 1: Chemical Architectures Of Tgr Gmr and Otrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Chromatography Dependent Stability Indicating Methodology: Development and Authentication for Formulations of Capsule Type Containing Tegafur, Gimeracil, and Oteracil

2023

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Objective: This investigation entitles the development and authentication of a rapid, selective and explicit RP-HPLC technique to assay tegafur (TGR), gimeracil (GMR), and oteracil (OTR) simultaneously in bulk and formulations of capsule type. Methods: The separation, detection and assessment of TGR, GMR and OTR were achieved using a C18 Agilent Zorbax (25 cm; 4.6 mm; 5 µm particle dimension) reverse phase column. The acetonitrile (40% by volume) and 0.1% triethylamine in distilled water (pH 2.5, 60% by volume) was utilized as mobile phase. The validation of the method and degradation study was performed as per the strategy given by ICH. Results: The retention periods in Agilent Zorbax column for OTR, TGR, and GMR were 2.458 min, 7.236 min and 8.629 min, respectively. Linearity was seen in the concentration series of 5.0-30.0 µg/ml (TGR), 1.45-8.70 µg/ml (GMR), and 3.95-23.70 µg/ml (OTR). The regression coefficient was greater than 0.999. The LOQ values were 0.606 µg/ml (TGR), 0.175 µg/ml (GMR), and 0.478 µg/ml (OTR). The percent comparative standard deviation (exactness) values were bestowed to be 0.243%-0.676%, 0.293%-1.894% and 0.269%-0.615% for TGR, GMR and OTR, respectively. The percent recoveries (accuracy) were in the range of 100.044%-100.493 for TGR, 99.730%-100.335% for GMR and 100.064%-100.543% for OTR. Conclusion: The research results of the degradation investigation proved the technique's specificity as well as stability indicating feature. The process could be used for routine evaluation of OTR, TGR, and GMR in formulations of capsule type.

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Section: Fig 1: Chemical Architectures Of Tgr Gmr and Otrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Chromatography Dependent Stability Indicating Methodology: Development and Authentication for Formulations of Capsule Type Containing Tegafur, Gimeracil, and Oteracil

2023

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“…CQP has been officially acknowledged by the US Pharmacopoeia [2]. High-performance liquid chromatography [4,5], electrochemical [6,7], conductometric and indirect AAS [8], and spectrofluorimetry [9,10] were just some of the methods described in the literature for the determination of CQP in pure, dosage forms, and biological fluids. These stated approaches typically involve extensive sample pre-treatment, cleanup processes before analysis, and the use of costly instruments that are beyond the reach of most quality control labs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validated Spectrophotometric Methods Based on Charge Transfer Complexation Reactions for the Quantification of Antimalarial Drug: Chloroquine Phosphate in Pure and Dosage Forms

Gouda,

elsheikh,

Gaber

et al. 2024

Bulletin of Faculty of Science, Zagazig University

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Chloroquine phosphate (CQP), an antimalarial medication, has been determined using two straightforward, sensitive, quick, and verified spectrophotometric techniques. The procedures were based on the generation of charge transfer complexes in methanol utilizing alizarin red S (ARS) and quinalizarin (Quinz) as chromogenic reagents, respectively, with absorption maxima at 560 and 531 nm for each. Investigated was the optimization of the reaction conditions, including the kind of solvent, reagent concentration, and reaction time. Beer's law is effectively observed using Quinz and ARS, respectively, in the concentration ranges of 1.0-20 and 1.0-16 g mL-1, with strong correlation coefficients (r2 ≥0.9995) and low relative standard deviations (RSD%≤ 1.07). Calculations were also made for the molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection, and quantification limitations. The approaches were successfully used to identify CQP in pharmaceutical formulations, and the standard addition technique. was used to evaluate the methods' validity. Results from the suggested procedures for pure CQP and dosage forms were in good agreement with those from the previously described approach.

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“…Certain analytical methods have been proposed for the analysis of chloroquine and its derivatives, such as ultraviolet spectrophotometry [10][11][12][13], immunoassay [14], chemiluminescence [15], nuclear magnetic resonance [16], spectrofluorimetry [17], and capillary electrophoresis [18], and most studies' methodologies are based on chromatography [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [22][23][24][25][26][27] and gas chromatography [28]. However, some of these techniques require solid-phase extraction, liquid-liquid extraction, high-performance solvents (chromatography grade), and highly trained personnel [20,29], which makes it difficult to perform these techniques in some cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper Nanoparticles and Reduced Graphene Oxide as an Electrode Modifier for the Development of an Electrochemical Sensing Platform for Chloroquine Phosphate Determination

2023

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This study describes the use of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as an electrode modifier for the determination of chloroquine phosphate (CQP). The synthetized rGO-CuNPs composite was morphologically characterized using scanning electron microscopy and electrochemically characterized using cyclic voltammetry. The parameters were optimized and the developed electrochemical sensor was applied in the determination of CQP using square-wave voltammetry (SWV). The analytical range for the determination of CQP was 0.5 to 110 μmol L−1 (one of the highest linear ranges for CQP considering electrochemical sensors), with limits of detection and quantification of 0.23 and 0.78 μmol L−1, respectively. Finally, the glassy carbon (GC) electrode modified with rGO-CuNPs was used for quantification of CQP in tap water; a study was carried out with interferents using SWV and obtained great results. The use of rGO-CuNP material as an electrode modifier was thus shown to be a good alternative for the development of low-cost devices for CQP analysis.

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HPLC methods for choloroquine determination in biological samples and pharmaceutical products

Cited by 8 publications

References 95 publications

Liquid Chromatography Dependent Stability Indicating Methodology: Development and Authentication for Formulations of Capsule Type Containing Tegafur, Gimeracil, and Oteracil

Liquid Chromatography Dependent Stability Indicating Methodology: Development and Authentication for Formulations of Capsule Type Containing Tegafur, Gimeracil, and Oteracil

Validated Spectrophotometric Methods Based on Charge Transfer Complexation Reactions for the Quantification of Antimalarial Drug: Chloroquine Phosphate in Pure and Dosage Forms

Copper Nanoparticles and Reduced Graphene Oxide as an Electrode Modifier for the Development of an Electrochemical Sensing Platform for Chloroquine Phosphate Determination

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