“…The TQ value is shown in eqn (9), where A i , t R i and N i represent the area, retention time and theoretical plates in each peak, respectively, 27 R i was the separation between each peak and the first peak, and N r was the theoretical tower plate number of the reference fingerprint peak. 28 The TQ value represented the signal size, signal homogenization and information content, and in general, the larger the TQ value, the better the optimization effect.
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