HPLC Detectors, Their Types and Use: A Review

Abstract

HPLC is one of the most powerful techniques for separation and quantitative determination of the constituents in a mixture. It works on the principle of Affinity chromatography having two phases viz: stationary and mobile phase. The constituent with lower affinity for stationary phase travels faster and vice-versa. A detector in HPLC is placed at the end of the system. Its work is to analyse the solution which is eluting from the column. Detectors are broadly classified into two groups: Bulk property detectors and solute property detectors. Bulk property detectors (Nonselective detectors) are those that measure the changes in solute and mobile phase in combination. Such detectors show fluctuation in readings even with slight change in mobile phase combination. Solute property detectors are also called as selective detectors because they give response for a particular physical or chemical property of the analyte, being ideally independent of the mobile phase. Other than that there are numerous newer developments made in detectors for more accurate determination. The present paper is meant on to focus on different detectors used in HPLC, there area of utilisation and the advancement made in recent time.

A Review on Ultra High Performance liquid Chromatography Method

“…4) Detector: HPLC detector is used to detect Solute present in the eluent coming out from column. There are various types of detectors Such as ultraviolet detector, fluorescence Detector, mass spectrometer etc 8 .…”

Characterization and Analysis of Food-Sourced Carbohydrates

“…They intensity of light is monitored continuously to quantify the analyte concentration. Fluorescence is 10-1000 times sensitive than UV detector for strong UV absorbing compounds [127]. Fluorescence detectors are very selective for fluorescent analytes, so nonfluorescent matrices or variations in the mobile phase do not interfere with the signal [23].…”

“…Fluorescent detection methods often provide improved detection limits and compound selectivity. There are three types of fluorescence detectors: single wavelength excitation fluorescence detector: the wavelength of excitation is fixed in such type of detectors and they are made from low pressure mercury lamp; multiwavelength fluorescence detector: it contains two monochromators to select wavelength of excitation; laser induced fluorescence detector (LIFD): it shows optical emission from molecules that have excited to higher energy levels by absorption of electromagnetic radiations (Sunil et al 2018). Pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) is the most widely employed detection method used in conjunction with HPAEC to detect carbohydrates which have been ionized by a highly alkaline eluent solution [94].…”