How well do socio-demographic characteristics explain variation in childhood safety practices?

Hapgood, Rhydian; Kendrick, Denise; Marsh, Patricia

doi:10.1093/pubmed/22.3.307

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The adoption of safety conscious behaviour, even among higher socioeconomic groups, is not automatic. 25 Home visits, free safety devices, and a pedagogic approach are all needed. 26 A recent review of 22 randomized studies targeting child safety practices indicates that most efficient interventions are those combining health education, behaviour change strategies, and "reinforcement".…”

Section: Qualitative Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home delivery of an injury prevention kit for children in four French cities: a controlled randomized trial

Sznajder

Leduc²,

Janvrin³

et al. 2003

Inj Prev

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Objectives:Home delivery of counselling and safety devices to prevent child injuries could help parents to adopt safe behaviour. The aim of this study was to test a safety kit designed and used in Quebec (Canada).Design and subjects:One hundred families from four towns in the Paris suburbs were visited at home by nurses or doctors when their child reached 6–9 months. Selection criteria were: primipara, medical problem, psychological, and/or socioeconomic difficulties.Interventions:During the first visit, 50 families (group 1) received counselling and a kit including preventive devices and pamphlets about indoor injuries and ways to avoid them. The other 50 families (group 2) received counselling but not the kit. A second home visit was made 6–8 weeks later.Main outcome measures:The number of safety improvements was calculated 6–8 weeks after a first home visit. Perceived usefulness of the kit was collected from families and from interviewers.Results:Between the first and the second visits, safety improvement was significantly higher in the group with the kit. This was mainly related to the risk of fall (p<0.02), fire and burns (p<0.001), poisoning (p<0.01), and suffocation (p<0.001). For improvement related to devices provided in the kit, the difference between the groups was significant: 64.4% improvement in group 1 versus 41.2% in group 2 (p<0.01). The relative risk (RR) of safety improvement between groups was 1.56 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35 to 1.80). Even for improvements not related to the kit the difference remained significant: 31.2% in group 1 versus 20.2% in group 2 (p<0.05); RR = 1.54 (95% CI 1.22 to 1.93).Conclusion:Routine home visits by social services offer a good opportunity to tackle child injury prevention. Free delivery of prevention kits and counselling allow families to modify their behaviour and homes so as to reduce risks.

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Section: Qualitative Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home delivery of an injury prevention kit for children in four French cities: a controlled randomized trial

Sznajder

Leduc²,

Janvrin³

et al. 2003

Inj Prev

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show abstract

“…A number of predictors for home injury are known including child attributes such as gender (Morrongiello & Hogg, 2004;Schwebel, Brezausek, Ramey, & Ramey, 2004;Soubhi, Raina, & Kohen, 2004), temperament or prior injury (Bourguet & McArtor, 1989;Ramsay et al, 2003); maternal characteristics such as mental health (Schwebel & Barton, 2005) or age; (Braun, Beaty, Diguiseppi, & Steiner, 2005) and environmental factors such as living in deprived areas (Blakemore, 2005;Hapgood, Kendrick, & Marsh, 2000). It is likely, however, that multiple factors are operating in the context of a young child unintentionally injured at home.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child home injury prevention: understanding the context of unintentional injuries to preschool children

Simpson

Turnbull²,

Ardagh

et al. 2009

International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion

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Injury to young children at home is a public health problem. In New Zealand, over half the injury deaths and hospitalisations among 0-4 year olds occur at home. Causes and risk factors for child injury have been identified, but their circumstances are not well described. Understanding the context, however, is important for developing and implementing effective prevention. To obtain the descriptions of injury events, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 100 caregivers of 0-4 year olds attending an emergency department for a home injury. Analysis from this exploratory study indicated that most events occurred within usual family activity, but had multiple factors interacting. Injury was rarely the expected outcome. Findings concurred with findings from others' research that reported home injury to be complex and multifaceted. Factors related to the environment, the child, the parent, their behaviours and activity interacted, with common patterns preceding injury being evident such as times of day and disrupted routines. Factors were often found to occur regardless of the cause of injury. Complex parental factors were identified, such as not anticipating risk, having unrealistic expectations of children, lacking knowledge of child development and accepting injury as a norm. Directions for further research are identified.

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“…13 We have been able to find only one study from the United Kingdom examining engagement in home safety practices to prevent childhood injury by ethnic group. 14 The authors found that families from ethnic minorities had fewer safety practices and fewer items of safety equipment than white families. However, they did not report their findings for specific safety practices.…”

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confidence: 98%

Engagement in safety practices to prevent home injuries in preschool children among white and non-white ethnic minority families

Mulvaney

Kendrick²

2004

Inj Prev

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Objective: To examine engagement in home safety practices to prevent injuries in preschool children among white and non-white ethnic minority families. Design: A self completion postal questionnaire assessed sociodemographic characteristics and engagement in home safety practices. Setting: Deprived areas in the city of Nottingham, United Kingdom. Subjects: 3906 caregivers of children aged under 5 years. Main outcome measures: Use of fireguards, stair gates, smoke alarms, window locks and safe storage of medicines, sharp objects, and cleaning products. Results: Of the 3906 families, 3805 gave their ethnic origin of which 16.5% classed themselves as from a non-white ethnic minority. The safety practices most commonly adopted by respondents were safe storage of medicines (87.9%) and use of smoke alarms (72.3%). Respondents from non-white ethnic minorities were significantly less likely to adopt all safety practices except they were less likely than whites to store sharp objects unsafely (odds ratio (OR) 0.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56 to 0.84). Those from nonwhite ethnic minorities were significantly more likely to indicate that they ''did not know they could get'' fireguards (adjusted OR 6.01, 95% CI 2.64 to 13.65), stair gates (adjusted OR 4.47, 95% CI 1.53 to 13.05), and cupboard locks (adjusted OR 3.96, 95% CI 2.77 to 5.66) than whites. They were also significantly more likely to say they would need help fitting fireguards (adjusted OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.03 to 3.81), stair gates (adjusted OR 3.61, 95% CI 2.11 to 6.17), and cupboard locks (adjusted OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.54). Conclusions: Our results support the hypothesis that families from non-white ethnic minorities are less likely to engage in some safety practices and illustrate inequalities in access to information regarding the availability and fitting of safety equipment. Further work is required to examine the association between adoption of safety practices and injury rates in children from non-white ethnic minorities.

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How well do socio-demographic characteristics explain variation in childhood safety practices?

Abstract: Most of the variation in the number of safety practices is not explained by socio-demographic characteristics and further work is required to examine other possible determinants of safe practice.

Cited by 36 publications

References 17 publications

Home delivery of an injury prevention kit for children in four French cities: a controlled randomized trial

Home delivery of an injury prevention kit for children in four French cities: a controlled randomized trial

Child home injury prevention: understanding the context of unintentional injuries to preschool children

Engagement in safety practices to prevent home injuries in preschool children among white and non-white ethnic minority families

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