How well do antenatal clinic (ANC) attendees represent the general population? A comparison of HIV prevalence from ANC sentinel surveillance sites with a population-based survey of women aged 15-49 in Cambodia

Saphonn, Vonthanak; Hor, Leng Bun; Ly, Sun Penh; Chhuon, Samrith; Saidel, Tobi; Detels, Roger

doi:10.1093/ije/31.2.449

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Other studies have corroborated the association between socioeconomically and educationally disadvantaged women and lower levels of access to HIV prevention measures during pregnancy. [30][31][32] The study has several limitations. The extent to which pregnant women attending antenatal clinics are representative of all women is affected by attendance at private clinics, and is due to systematic differences among women who attend public ANC clinics, who have a lower socioeconomic status, and those who attend private clinics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Prevalence among Pregnant Women in Brazil: A National Survey

Pereira

Sabidó

Caruso

et al. 2016

Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet

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Background This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of HIV among pregnant women in Brazil and to describe HIV testing coverage and the uptake of antenatal care (ANC). Methods Between October 2010 and January 2012, a probability sample survey of parturient women aged 15-49 years who visited public hospital delivery services in Brazil was conducted. Data were collected from prenatal reports and hospital records. Dried blood spot (DNS) samples were collected and tested for HIV. We describe the agespecific prevalence of HIV infection and ANC uptake with respect to sociodemographic factors. . 94% [0.28-3.10]). The HIV testing coverage during prenatal care was of 86.6% for one test and of 38.2% for two tests. Overall, 98.5% of women attended at least 1 ANC visit, 90.4% attended at least 4 visits, 71% attended at least 6 visits, and 51.7% received ANC during the 1st trimester. HIV testing coverage and ANC uptake indicators increased with increasing age and education level of education, and were highest in the Southern region. Conclusions Brazil presents an HIV prevalence of less than 1% and almost universal coverage of ANC. However, gaps in HIV testing and ANC during the first trimester challenge the prevention of the vertical transmission of HIV. More efforts are needed to address regional and social disparities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Prevalence among Pregnant Women in Brazil: A National Survey

Pereira

Sabidó

Caruso

et al. 2016

Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet

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“…Investigating seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibody in pregnancy in different settings is needed to prevent vertical transmission. Seroprevalence of these infections among pregnant women may be a good indicator of general population prevalence and a determinant of vaccination policy [6,7]. Pregnancy may be the only clinical access point for the antenatal population in limited resource settings such as Yemen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections in pregnant women in Sana’a, Yemen

Murad¹,

Babiker

Gasim

et al. 2013

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundScreening for Hepatitis B and C during pregnancy may help to decide on appropriate antiviral therapy and the institution of steps to minimize vertical transmission to the newborn infants.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted during November–December 2011 to investigate the seroprevalence and associated risk factors for markers of HBV (hepatitis B surface antigen; HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibody among pregnant women at the Al-Thawra hospital in Sana’a, Yemen. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain sociodemographic obstetrics and medical data and sera were tested for HBsAg and anti-HCV.ResultsOf the 400 pregnant women enrolled in the study, HBsAg and anti-HCV were detected in 43 (10.8%; 95% CI: 8.0–14.0%) and 34 (8.5%, 95% CI: 6.0–11.5%) women, respectively. None of the women were co-infected with HBV and HCV. Multivariate analysis showed that circumcision was significantly associated with HBsAg seropositivity (OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.1–10.2; p = 0.03), low parity (primigravidae and secundigravidae) and education below secondary level were significantly associated with anti- HCV seropositivity (OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.1–10.2; p = 0.03). No other sociodemographic or clinical characteristics (age, residence, history of home delivery, miscarriage, dental manipulation, surgery, and blood transfusion) were significantly associated with HBsAg or anti-HCV seropositivity.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that HBsAg and anti-HCV have high prevalence among pregnant women.

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“…[10] Failure to diagnose and treat these devastating disease agents at an early stage may result in serious complications and sequelae, including infertility, fetal wastage, ectopic pregnancy, anogenital cancer and premature death, as well as neonatal and infant infections. [11] Hence this cross-sectional study was undertaken with the aim of determining the seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis infections among women of childbearing age in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, South–South Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveying infections among pregnant women in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Buseri

Seiyaboh

Jeremiah

2010

J Global Infect Dis

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Background:There is paucity of epidemiological data on infectious diseases among antenatal mothers in Bayelsa State of the Niger Delta, Nigeria.Aims:The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of the serological markers Human immunodeficiency virus-antibody (HIV-Ab), Hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg), Hepatitis C virus antibody(HCV-A)and antibodies to T. pallidum among pregnant women in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, South–South Nigeria.Settings and Design:This is a cross-sectional study which was carried out in Yenagoa city, the heart of the Niger Delta, Nigeria.Materials and Methods:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies were detected by using “Determine” HIV-1/2 test strip (Abbott Laboratories, Japan); hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) and antibodies to T. pallidum were carried out using ACON rapid test strips (ACON Laboratories, USA). All positive samples for HIV, HBV and HCV were confirmed using the Clinotech diagnostic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test kits (Clinotech Laboratories, USA), while all reactive samples to Treponema pallidum antibodies were confirmed by the Treponema pallidum hemagglutination (TPHA) test (Lorne Laboratories Ltd., UK). All test procedures were carried out according to the manufacturers’ instructions.Statistical Analysis Used:The data generated were coded, entered, validated and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 12.0, and Epi info. The seroprevalence of syphilis, HBsAg, HCV and HIV was expressed for the entire study group by age, sex and other demographic features using Pearson chi-square analysis. Values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results:A total of 1,000 apparently healthy pregnant women aged between 15 and 44 years with a mean of 27.34±5.43 years were screened. In terms of percentage, 89.4% of the subjects were married, and 10.6% were without formal husbands. The overall seroprevalence of HIV, HBsAg, HCV and syphilis was found to be 4.1%, 5.3%, 0.5% and 5.0%, respectively.Conclusions:High prevalence of some infectious diseases was observed in the present study, which may pose serious health risk to women of reproductive age in this region. It is important to point out that there is need to improve antenatal care of pregnant women by mandatory screening for these infectious diseases.

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How well do antenatal clinic (ANC) attendees represent the general population? A comparison of HIV prevalence from ANC sentinel surveillance sites with a population-based survey of women aged 15-49 in Cambodia

Abstract: Although ANC data can be used to estimate trends over time, it should be realized that ANC data may overestimate the actual prevalence in the younger age group in rural areas in Cambodia.

Cited by 22 publications

References 8 publications

HIV Prevalence among Pregnant Women in Brazil: A National Survey

HIV Prevalence among Pregnant Women in Brazil: A National Survey

Epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections in pregnant women in Sana’a, Yemen

Surveying infections among pregnant women in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

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