How we assess the perioperative anxiety of surgical patients with pulmonary nodules: the revision of state-trait anxiety inventory

Abstract

Purpose The aim of the study was to develop a short form of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and calculate the norms for the assessment of anxiety in surgical patients in mainland China. Methods Patients who were scheduled to carry out pulmonary surgery in our department were included. The sinicized 40-item STAI Form-Y was used to assess the anxiety on the surgery eve. Then the coefficient of variation, coefficient of correlation, stepwise regression analysis, principal component analysis, and structural equation model were successively to filter the items. The reliability and validity of the revised STAI was estimated and the norms were computed. Results 445 intact replies were collected. A 13-item STAI with 6 items in state subscale and 7 items in trait subscale produced similar scores with the full version of STAI. The Cronbach alpha coefficients for the state and trait subscales were 0.924 and 0.936, respectively. The determinant coefficients were 0.781 and 0.822, respectively. Moreover, the norms of both state subscale and trait subscale are provided according to the age and gender. Conclusions The revised short form of STAI has good reliability and validity. It is likely to be more acceptable by reducing the fatigue effects, and is suitable for follow-up study on the assessment and intervention of perioperative anxiety of surgical patients with pulmonary nodules.

The incidence and risk factors of acute pain after preoperative needle localization of pulmonary nodules: a cross-sectional study

“…The potential predictors of acute pain included patient demographics [age, gender, and body mass index (BMI), education levels (middle school, high school, or above)], preoperative psychological stress and CT-guided localization factors. The Chinese version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to reflect patients' psychological stress before CT-guided needle localization (17). STAI is a reliable instrument used to test both the levels of state and trait anxiety, in which the state anxiety reflects an immediate state of patients' anxiety at a particular moment (18,19).…”

The influence of preoperative anxiety on postoperative pain in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

“…One of the most reliable and most widely used tools to measure preoperative anxiety in cardiac surgery is the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) 10 . The inventory’s authors identify two types of anxiety: a temporary state or State Anxiety (SA), and a stable latent trait or Trait Anxiety (TA).…”

Preoperative anxiety and associated factors among adult surgical patients in public hospitals, eastern Ethiopia

“…The data was collected using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Scale (S-STAI), 24 a validated and standardized POA measurement tool that has been derived from many types of literature with certain modifications to improve the comparability of the findings. This tool was divided into five sections (sociodemographic factors, clinical-related factors, study participants' social support, the possible causes of POA, and the state-trait anxiety inventory self-assessment tool: STAI Form Y-1 and STAI Form Y-2 questionnaires).…”

“…Studies showed the STAIs have good reliability and validity across the different normative groups; Cronbach's alpha = 0.86-0.95 and we also conducted a pilot study before actual data collection. [24][25][26] We also used the Oslo Social Support Scale (OSSS-3), which is a 3-item self-reported measure of the level of social support. It consists of three items that ask for the number of close confidants, the sense of concern from other people, and the relationship with neighbors with a focus on the accessibility of practical help.…”