How We Approach Smoldering Multiple Myeloma

Raje, Noopur; Yee, Andrew J.

doi:10.1200/jco.19.02834

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…Patients receiving the PVX-410 monotherapy experienced a median time to progression of 36 weeks, a benchmark that has not yet been reached in the combination group [ 170 ]. PVX-410 is further being examined in combination with lenalidomide and the histone deacetylase inhibitor Citarinostat as part of clinical trial NCT02886065, with results yet to be published [ 171 ].…”

Section: Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keeping Myeloma in Check: The Past, Present and Future of Immunotherapy in Multiple Myeloma

Ackley

Ochoa

Ghoshal

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Multiple myeloma is an incurable disease of malignant plasma cells and an ideal target for modern immune therapy. The unique plasma cell biology maintained in multiple myeloma, coupled with its hematological nature and unique bone marrow microenvironment, provide an opportunity to design specifically targeted immunotherapies that selectively kill transformed cells with limited on-target off-tumor effects. Broadly defined, immune therapy is the utilization of the immune system and immune agents to treat a disease. In the context of multiple myeloma, immune therapy can be subdivided into four main categories: immune modulatory imide drugs, targeted antibodies, adoptive cell transfer therapies, and vaccines. In recent years, advances in all four of these categories have led to improved therapies with enhanced antitumor activity and specificity. In IMiDs, modified chemical structures have been developed that improve drug potency while reducing dose limiting side effects. Targeted antibody therapies have resulted from the development of new selectively expressed targets as well as the development of antibody drug conjugates and bispecific antibodies. Adoptive cell therapies, particularly CAR-T therapies, have been enhanced through improvements in the manufacturing process, as well as through the development of CAR constructs that enhance CAR-T activation and provide protection from a suppressive immune microenvironment. This review will first cover in-class breakthrough therapies for each of these categories, as well as therapies currently utilized in the clinic. Additionally, this review will explore up and coming therapeutics in the preclinical and clinical trial stage.

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Section: Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keeping Myeloma in Check: The Past, Present and Future of Immunotherapy in Multiple Myeloma

Ackley

Ochoa

Ghoshal

et al. 2021

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Plasma Cell Disorders

Yee¹,

Hideshima²,

Raje³

et al. 2022

Holland‐Frei Cancer Medicine

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Overview Plasma cell disorders have in common a proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells associated with the production of a monoclonal protein. These disorders range from the common, indolent condition of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to malignancies such as multiple myeloma characterized by the presence of hypercalcemia, anemia, renal dysfunction, and/or lytic bone lesions. Progress in the understanding of the molecular underpinnings of myeloma has led to remarkable advances in its treatment. High‐dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplant have been a mainstay of treatment. Now, highly effective and well‐tolerated drug classes such as the proteasome inhibitors (e.g., bortezomib, carfilzomib), immunomodulatory drugs (e.g., lenalidomide, pomalidomide), and anti‐CD38 monoclonal antibodies (e.g., daratumumab, isatuximab) have rapidly transformed treatment and significantly improved overall survival. Newer therapies targeting B‐cell maturation antigen (BCMA) have the potential to further improve outcomes.

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