How trust was maintained in Scandinavia through the first crisis of modernity

Dahlen, Øystein Pedersen; Skirbekk, Helge

doi:10.1108/ccij-01-2020-0036

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Since distance travelled did not decline after follow-up mandates in less populated areas, non-mandatory measures, which are less costly and invasive, may be more appropriate to generate compliance. Strong public trust in the government may explain the effectiveness of non-mandatory measures in Norway [26,27]. We also identified the effect of isolated intervention categories on mobility by multivariate regression analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of non-compulsory and mandatory COVID-19 interventions on travel distance and time away from home, Norway, 2021

et al. 2023

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Background Given the societal, economic and health costs of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI), it is important to assess their effects. Human mobility serves as a surrogate measure for human contacts and compliance with NPI. In Nordic countries, NPI have mostly been advised and sometimes made mandatory. It is unclear if making NPI mandatory further reduced mobility. Aim We investigated the effect of non-compulsory and follow-up mandatory measures in major cities and rural regions on human mobility in Norway. We identified NPI categories that most affected mobility. Methods We used mobile phone mobility data from the largest Norwegian operator. We analysed non-compulsory and mandatory measures with before–after and synthetic difference-in-differences approaches. By regression, we investigated the impact of different NPI on mobility. Results Nationally and in less populated regions, time travelled, but not distance, decreased after follow-up mandatory measures. In urban areas, however, distance decreased after follow-up mandates, and the reduction exceeded the decrease after initial non-compulsory measures. Stricter metre rules, gyms reopening, and restaurants and shops reopening were significantly associated with changes in mobility. Conclusion Overall, distance travelled from home decreased after non-compulsory measures, and in urban areas, distance further decreased after follow-up mandates. Time travelled reduced more after mandates than after non-compulsory measures for all regions and interventions. Stricter distancing and reopening of gyms, restaurants and shops were associated with changes in mobility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our results are for Norway but may be relevant for other countries. Norway’s population has high trust in the government and local authorities [ 26 , 27 ]. This could be similar in other countries, especially in the Nordic countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of non-compulsory and mandatory COVID-19 interventions on travel distance and time away from home, Norway, 2021

et al. 2023

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“…Interestingly, the Norwegian results showed no noticeable changes in social mixing patterns in response to the scale-back of restrictions, though, certain mitigation measures were maintained. This finding may be attributed to the high level of awareness in the Norwegian population and a general trust in authorities (28). During this period, the Ministry of Health together with the leadership of the Norwegian Institute of Public Health and the Norwegian Directorate of Health held televised press briefings one to three times per week to communicate restrictions and provide information about preventive measures (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social contact patterns during the early COVID-19 pandemic in Norway: insights from a panel study, April to September 2020

Veneti,

Robberstad,

Steens

et al. 2023

Preprint

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BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries adopted social distance measures and lockdowns of varying strictness. Social contact patterns are essential in driving the spread of respiratory infections, and country-specific measurements are needed. This study aimed to gain insights into changes in social contacts and behaviour during the early pandemic phase in Norway.MethodsWe conducted an online survey among a nationally representative sample of Norwegian adults, including six data collections/waves between April and September 2020, and used survey data from 2017 as baseline. We calculated mean daily contacts, and estimated age-stratified contact matrices that were used to estimate reproduction numbers during the study period.ResultsThe mean daily number of contacts varied between 3.2 (95% CI 3.0-3.4) to 3.9 (95% CI 3.6-4.2) across waves, representing a 67-73% decline compared to pre-pandemic levels. Fewer contacts in the community setting largely drove the reduction; the drop was most prominent among younger adults. Despite gradual easing of social distance measures during the survey period, population contact matrices remained relatively stable and displayed more inter-age group mixing than at baseline. Contacts within households and the community outside schools and workplaces contributed most to social encounters.ConclusionSocial contacts experienced a significant decline during the months following the March 2020 lockdown in Norway, aligning with the implementation of stringent social distancing measures. The findings contribute valuable empirical information into the social behaviour of the Norwegian population during the early pandemic, which can be used to enhance policy-relevant models for addressing future crises when mitigation measures might be implemented.

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“…Modernity is also a universal topic, which makes it possible to analyse the development of PR and society in a global context (Hu et al. , 2015, p. 263; Dahlen, 2019) and thus to compare different nations and developments (Dahlen and Skirbekk , 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first modern health communication campaign in Europe: explicit and implicit strategic intents

Dahlen

2024

CCIJ

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PurposeThe main aim of this article is to broaden the notion of strategic intent in public relations. It also develops an understanding of the social value of what can be defined as the first modern health communication campaign in Europe based on strategic intents and the development of modernity.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on both historical research and empirical material from the Norwegian tuberculosis campaign from 1889 up to 1913, when Norwegian women achieved suffrage. The campaign is analysed in the framework of modernity and social theory. The literature on lobbying and social movements is also used to develop a theoretical framework for the notion of strategic intent.FindingsThe study shows that strategic intent can be divided into two layers: (1) the implicit strategic intent is the real purpose behind the communication efforts, whereas (2) the explicit intent is found directly in the communication efforts. The explicit intent may be presented as a solution for the good of society at the right political moment, giving an organisation the possibility to mobilise for long-term social changes, in which could be the implicit intent.Originality/valueThe distinction between explicit and implicit strategic intent broadens our understanding on how to make long-term social changes as well as how social and political changes occur in modern societies. The article also gives a historical account of what is here defined as the first modern health communication campaign in Europe and its social value.

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How trust was maintained in Scandinavia through the first crisis of modernity

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of non-compulsory and mandatory COVID-19 interventions on travel distance and time away from home, Norway, 2021

Effects of non-compulsory and mandatory COVID-19 interventions on travel distance and time away from home, Norway, 2021

Social contact patterns during the early COVID-19 pandemic in Norway: insights from a panel study, April to September 2020

The first modern health communication campaign in Europe: explicit and implicit strategic intents

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