“…The first study on causality between energy consumption and total factor productivity was introduced by Schurr (1983) and Jorgenson (1984). After that, many researchers have studied the link between different types of energy consumption and TFP (Abou, 2020;Afonso, Marques, & Fuinhas, 2017;Al-Iriani, 2006;Bhattacharya, Paramati, Ozturk, & Bhattacharya, 2016;Boyd & Pang, 2000;Costantini & Martini, 2010;Da Silva, Cerqueira, & Ogbe, 2018;Giang, Xuan, Trung, & Que, 2019;Hasanov, Mikayilov, Bollino, & Liddle, 2019;Hisnanick & Kymn, 1992;Ladu & Meleddu, 2014;Soava, Mehedintu, Sterpu, & Raduteanu, 2018;Tugcu, 2013;Tugcu & Tiwari, 2016).…”