How to screen the cervix and reduce the risk of spontaneous preterm birth in asymptomatic women without a prior preterm birth

Abstract

Preterm birth (PTB) is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality globally. PTB rates have increased in South Korea despite reduction in birth rates. A history of PTB is a strong predictor of subsequent PTB and screening of cervical length between 16 0/7 weeks and 24 0/7 weeks of gestation is recommended in women with a singleton pregnancy and a prior spontaneous PTB. However, the prediction and prevention of spontaneous PTBs in women without a prior PTB remain a matter of debate. The scope of this review article comprises cervical screening and prevention strategies for PTB in asymptomatic women without a prior PTB, based on recent evidence and guidelines.

Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Women with a Short Cervix after Ultrasound-Indicated Cerclage

“…Nonetheless, recent research indicates that for women with a very short cervix (less than 1.0 cm) who have no sPTB history, UIC can extend the duration of pregnancy and reduce the risk of earlier delivery post-diagnosis, compared to those not receiving UIC [9]. Moreover, occurrences of late preterm birth (34-37 weeks) are less frequent among patients who undergo UIC, suggesting its consideration for patients with an extremely short cervix and no prior sPTB history [10]. Despite the inherent high risks, some successfully carry pregnancies to term after cerclage operation, while others may experience preterm or periviable deliveries.…”