Several factors have contributed to the increasing popularity of brief forms of psychotherapy. Among the most significant are: (1) cost‐saving measures such as managed care which has decreased the number of therapy sessions covered and (2) scientific studies demonstrating the efficacy of brief therapies for a variety of problems. These factors and others, such as the sharp increase of two‐earner families and the consequent decrease in leisure time, have increased the acceptance of brief therapy by clients and therapists as an alternative to long‐term, traditional therapies.
Brief therapy is not merely less therapy. As will be reviewed in this chapter, there are several brief psychotherapies that are structured and planned to maximize efficiency. Factors such as formulating and working within a therapeutic focus, setting time limits and goals, and increased therapist activity all have the potential to bring about change in a timely way. This chapter provides a state‐of‐the‐art review of six major forms of brief psychotherapy: Brief Psychodynamic Therapy, Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Brief Marital and Family Therapy, Brief Experiential Therapy, Strategic Therapy, and Brief Integrative‐Eclectic Therapy. The following information is presented for each of these modes of psychotherapy: Historical overview, selection criteria, techniques used in therapy, theory of change, supporting research, and future directions.