How to motivate farmers to implement biosecurity measures.

Collineau, Lucie; Stärk, K. D. C.

doi:10.1079/9781789245684.0095

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…This is reinforced in that a trend was observed between average ease of cleaning scores of ≤2 and increased probability of target TVC. Increasing the ease of cleaning is a key factor in the motivation to complete cleaning and disinfection routinely [ 45 ]. Furthermore, motivation to clean drinkers may be influenced by how the producer perceives the benefit of cleaning drinkers in terms of disease risk [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing the ease of cleaning is a key factor in the motivation to complete cleaning and disinfection routinely [ 45 ]. Furthermore, motivation to clean drinkers may be influenced by how the producer perceives the benefit of cleaning drinkers in terms of disease risk [ 45 ]. Water quality is a relatively unstudied factor in calf health, and disease and quality guidelines are fairly non-specific [ 46 ]; thus, its role as a vehicle for disease transmission may be under-appreciated by producers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre-Weaned Calf Rearing on Northern Irish Dairy Farms—Part 2: The Impact of Hygiene Practice on Bacterial Levels in Dairy Calf Rearing Environments

Brown¹,

Scoley²,

O’Connell³

et al. 2023

Animals

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Pre-weaned dairy calves are very susceptible to disease in the first months of life due to having a naïve immune system and because of the numerous physiological stressors they face. Hygiene management is a key element in minimizing enteric disease risk in calves by reducing their exposure to pathogens. Samples of milk, concentrate feed and drinking water, boot swabs of bedding and swabs of feed equipment were collected from 66 dairy farms as part of a survey of calf rearing practice and housing design. All the samples were cultured to determine total viable counts (TVC), total coliforms (TCC) and Escherichia coli as indicators of hygiene. Target ranges for levels of TVC, TCC and E. coli were defined from the literature and the sample results compared against them. The TVC targets in milk, MR and water were <4.0 log10 CFU/mL. TCC and E. coli targets of <1.1 log10 CFU/mL (the detection limit) were used for milk, MR, concentrate feed and feeding equipment. For water, the TCC and E. coli targets were <1.0 log10 CFU/100 mL. The targets used for bedding boot swabs were <6.3 log10 TVC CFU/mL and <5.7 log10 TCC or E. coli CFU/mL. Farm management factors were included as fixed effects in a generalized linear mixed model to determine the probability of samples being within each hygiene indicator target range. Milk replacer samples obtained from automatic feeders were more likely to be within the TVC target range (0.63 probability) than those prepared manually (0.34) or milk samples taken from the bulk tank (0.23). Concentrate feed samples taken from buckets in single-calf pens were more likely to have E. coli detected (0.89) than samples taken from group pen troughs (0.97). A very small proportion of water samples were within the indicator targets (TVC 9.8%, TCC 6.0%, E. coli 10.2%). Water from self-fill drinkers had a lower likelihood of being within the TVC target (0.03) than manually filled buckets (0.14), and water samples from single pens were more likely to be within TCC target ranges (0.12) than those from group pens (0.03). However, all self-fill drinkers were located in group pens so these results are likely confounded. Where milk feeders were cleaned after every feed, there was a greater likelihood of being within the TVC target range (0.47, compared with 0.23 when not cleaned after every feed). Detection of coliforms in milk replacer mixing utensils was linked with reduced probability of TVC (0.17, compared with 0.43 when coliforms were not detected) and TCC (0.38, compared with 0.62), which was within target in feeders. Key factors related to increased probability of bedding samples being within TCC target range were use of group calf pens (0.96) rather than single-calf pens (0.80), use of solid floors (0.96, compared with 0.76 for permeable floors) and increased space allowance of calves (0.94 for pens with ≥2 m2/calf, compared with 0.79 for pens with <2 m2/calf). Bedding TVC was more likely to be within the target range in group (0.84) rather than in single pens (0.66). The results show that hygiene levels in the calf rearing environment vary across farms and that management and housing design impact hygiene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Weaned Calf Rearing on Northern Irish Dairy Farms—Part 2: The Impact of Hygiene Practice on Bacterial Levels in Dairy Calf Rearing Environments

Brown¹,

Scoley²,

O’Connell³

et al. 2023

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It's just that disinfection is hardly carried out on small farms. This is due to farmers' lack of knowledge about the benefits of disinfection and the high price of disinfectants [10]. The benefits of using disinfection will clean the cage and prevent sick pigs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study of Sustainable Biodesinfectants for Pig Farms in Samosir Island, Indonesia

Ginting,

Damanik

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Disease control in smallholder pig farms has not been appropriately taken care of on Samosir Island. Pig livestockers suffer a lot of losses due to bacterial infection. Reducing the bacterial population in the pigsty is beneficial for minimizing the access of animals infected with bacteria. One way is by applying a disinfectant. This study investigated the ability of alternative biodesinfectants with four concentrations to eliminate pig-associated Escherichia coli and Salmonella by in-vitro tests. Sustainable biodesinfectans are fermented fruit extract (FFE), and fermented fruits extract plus Agave sisalana (FFE +AS). The antimicrobial activity testing method was the diffusion method with a paper disc. Fermentation of fruit waste to produce FFE is more beneficial than disposing of the waste at a landfill. In this study, the fruit waste used comes from pineapple (Ananas comosus), papaya (Carica papaya), and banana (Musa paradisiaca). FEE + AS is FEE, which refermented to the addition of Agave sisalana. FFE and FFE + AS contain enzymes, organic acids, and microbial. The results showed that FEE +AS 100%, 1: 10, and 1:20 prove to inhibit Escherichia coli and Salmonella. The highest antimicrobial activity was obtained from FEE + AS with an 11.7 mm inhibition zone diameter. Further studies on disinfecting pig sheds are justified to assess their effectiveness.

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“…By improving biosecurity, the occurrence of disease can be prevented, and the need for AMU can be lowered [ 2 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Farmers’ willingness to embrace changes also plays an important role in improving biosecurity, as changes in daily routine are required and the benefits are not always noticeable from the start [ 23 ]. Therefore, improving biosecurity and reducing AMU requires changes in the attitudes and behaviors of farmers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coaching Belgian and Dutch Broiler Farmers Aimed at Antimicrobial Stewardship and Disease Prevention

et al. 2021

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A reduction in antimicrobial use (AMU) is needed to curb the increase in antimicrobial resistance in broiler production. Improvements in biosecurity can contribute to a lower incidence of disease and thereby lower the need for AMU. However, veterinary advice related to AMU reduction or biosecurity is often not complied with, and this has been linked to the attitudes of farmers. Behavior change promoted by coaching may facilitate uptake and compliance regarding veterinary advice. Thirty broiler farms in Belgium and the Netherlands with high AMU were included in this study for 13 months. For each farmer, the attitude towards AMU reduction was quantified using an adjusted Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability, and Reinforcement (ADKAR®) change management model, and farm biosecurity was assessed with the Biocheck.UGent™ tool. Subsequently, farmers were coached to improve disease prevention and antimicrobial stewardship. After the individual coaching of farmers, there was a change in their attitudes regarding AMU, reflected by an increase in ADKAR® scores. Biosecurity levels improved by around 6% on average, and AMU was reduced by 7% on average without negative effects on performance parameters. Despite these improvements, no significant association could be found between higher ADKAR® scores and lower AMU. Further investigation into sociological models is needed as a tool to reduce AMU in livestock production.

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How to motivate farmers to implement biosecurity measures.

Abstract: This chapter describes the motivation and barriers regarding the adoption of biosecurity measures based on the perception of farmers.

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Pre-Weaned Calf Rearing on Northern Irish Dairy Farms—Part 2: The Impact of Hygiene Practice on Bacterial Levels in Dairy Calf Rearing Environments

Pre-Weaned Calf Rearing on Northern Irish Dairy Farms—Part 2: The Impact of Hygiene Practice on Bacterial Levels in Dairy Calf Rearing Environments

The Study of Sustainable Biodesinfectants for Pig Farms in Samosir Island, Indonesia

Coaching Belgian and Dutch Broiler Farmers Aimed at Antimicrobial Stewardship and Disease Prevention

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