How to Monitor the Neuroimmune Biological Response in Patients Affected by Immune Alteration-Related Systemic Diseases

Lissoni, Paolo; Rovelli, F; Vigorè, L.; Messina, Giusy; Lissoni, Arianna; Porro, Giorgio; Fede, Giuseppe Di

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7828-1_10

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Most notable is early research conducted on patients with solid metastatic tumors, in which it was demonstrated that high doses of melatonin were effective in arresting tumor growth and improving quality of life markers [ 178 ]. Lissoni’s group, well-recognized pioneers in the field of psycho-immune-neuroendocrinology [ 179 ], provided several reports on this dose throughout the 1990s [ 180 ] with subsequent studies confirming his findings [ 181 , 182 , 183 , 184 ]. Of particular mention, one of Lissoni’s studies indicated that melatonin supplementation (20 mg daily, starting seven days before chemotherapy) was helpful in chemotherapy response rate in fifty metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients [ 185 ].…”

Section: Clinical Usesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Cortisol and melatonin work inversely, so as cortisol rises, melatonin decreases and vice versa [ 187 ]. These two endocrine messengers provide some clinical information, albeit somewhat indirectly, about the function of both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the pineal gland, which is pivotal for disease outcomes like cancer where there is neuroimmune involvement [ 180 ]. Lissoni et al also suggested that the pineal gland produces other indole hormones that could be therapeutic in cancer [ 188 ].…”

Section: Clinical Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Melatonin the “Next Vitamin D”?: A Review of Emerging Science, Clinical Uses, Safety, and Dietary Supplements

Minich

Henning²,

Darley

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Melatonin has become a popular dietary supplement, most known as a chronobiotic, and for establishing healthy sleep. Research over the last decade into cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, fertility, PCOS, and many other conditions, combined with the COVID-19 pandemic, has led to greater awareness of melatonin because of its ability to act as a potent antioxidant, immune-active agent, and mitochondrial regulator. There are distinct similarities between melatonin and vitamin D in the depth and breadth of their impact on health. Both act as hormones, affect multiple systems through their immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory functions, are found in the skin, and are responsive to sunlight and darkness. In fact, there may be similarities between the widespread concern about vitamin D deficiency as a “sunlight deficiency” and reduced melatonin secretion as a result of “darkness deficiency” from overexposure to artificial blue light. The trend toward greater use of melatonin supplements has resulted in concern about its safety, especially higher doses, long-term use, and application in certain populations (e.g., children). This review aims to evaluate the recent data on melatonin’s mechanisms, its clinical uses beyond sleep, safety concerns, and a thorough summary of therapeutic considerations concerning dietary supplementation, including the different formats available (animal, synthetic, and phytomelatonin), dosing, timing, contraindications, and nutrient combinations.

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Section: Clinical Usesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Clinical Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Melatonin the “Next Vitamin D”?: A Review of Emerging Science, Clinical Uses, Safety, and Dietary Supplements

Minich

Henning²,

Darley

et al. 2022

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The rise in Th17 cells together with a decline in T reg cell function predispose to autoimmune diseases. On the other hand, the decline in Th1 lymphocytes in association with an increase in Th17 cell count predispose to cancer [36].…”

Section: Melatonin and Immune Changes In Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elderly as a High-risk Group during COVID-19 Pandemic: Effect of Circadian Misalignment, Sleep Dysregulation and Melatonin Administration

et al. 2020

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The association of age with a higher vulnerability to COVID-19 infection is a subject of major importance. Several factors, including higher stress due to social isolation, diminished melatonin levels with age, and higher exposure of individuals to light at the evening, which reduces melatonin levels and disrupts circadian rhythmicity are relevant for maintaining the circadian health in aged individuals. Properly administered, chronotherapy restores the optimal circadian pattern of the sleep-wake cycle in the elderly. It involves adequate sleep hygiene, timed light exposure, and the use of a chronobiotic medication like melatonin, which affects the output phase of circadian rhythms thus controlling the biological clock. Besides, the therapeutic potential of melatonin as an agent to counteract the consequences of COVID-19 infections has been advocated due to its wide-ranging effects as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and as an immunomodulatory agent, as well as to a possible antiviral action. This article discusses how chronotherapy may reverse the detrimental circadian condition of the elderly in the COVID-19 pandemic.

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“…Studies revealed that in the development and progression of cancer, inflammation is also a major driver including the fighting among neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and tumor cells in immunotherapy (12)(13)(14). In recent years, a variety of clinical studies have shown inflammatory cells and some derived ratios are strongly associated with the prognosis of patients in solid tumors, which is lack of biomarkers except for PD-L1 and tumor mutational burden (TMB) that is not prospectively validated though (15)(16)(17)(18). Considering the limitations of a clinical retrospective study in NSCLC, the inflammatory indicators we collected can indirectly reflect the activation of immune system during RT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Immune Activation and Responses of Irradiation to Different Metastatic Sites Combined With Immunotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Immunol.

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PurposeConsidering the limited data, we aimed to identify the greatest immune activation irradiated site of common metastases and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors simultaneously in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsA total of 136 patients with advanced NSCLC who had received radiation to a primary or metastatic solid tumor were enrolled. We recorded blood cell counts in three time periods, before, during, and after radiotherapy (RT), and derived some blood index ratios including monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII). The delta-IBs were calculated as medio-IBs ÷ pre-IBs − 1. We analyzed the changes before and during RT using Spearman rank correlation test, Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test, and logistic regression analyzing their correlation with efficacy.ResultsThe medians of delta-MLR and delta-PLR were both the lowest while the median of delta-L was the highest in brain. Therapeutic effect evaluation showed that the objective response rate (ORR) of 48.65% (18/37) in the brain irradiation group was the highest, compared with 17.07% (7/41) in bone and 41.94% (13/31) in lung.ConclusionsIn this study, results suggested that irradiation to brain has the best immune activation effect and patient outcome compared with other organs in NSCLC, and when the earlier-line ICIs were combined with RT, a better patient outcome was reached. Prospective studies are also necessary to provide more convincing evidence and standards for clinical irradiation metastases selection.

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How to Monitor the Neuroimmune Biological Response in Patients Affected by Immune Alteration-Related Systemic Diseases

Cited by 7 publications

References 46 publications

Is Melatonin the “Next Vitamin D”?: A Review of Emerging Science, Clinical Uses, Safety, and Dietary Supplements

Is Melatonin the “Next Vitamin D”?: A Review of Emerging Science, Clinical Uses, Safety, and Dietary Supplements

Elderly as a High-risk Group during COVID-19 Pandemic: Effect of Circadian Misalignment, Sleep Dysregulation and Melatonin Administration

Systemic Immune Activation and Responses of Irradiation to Different Metastatic Sites Combined With Immunotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

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