How to determine the percentage of study subjects &lt; 5<sup>th</sup> or &gt; 95<sup>th</sup> centile using the control group when only the mean and standard deviation are provided

DeVore, Greggory R.; Cuneo, Bettina F.; Satou, Gary; Sklansky, Mark

doi:10.1002/uog.20110

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…All study parameters were expressed as ranked Z scores with their corresponding centiles and then classified according to their normal reference ranges ( Z score < −1.65 or <5th centile = low; Z score > +1.65 or >95th centile = high) 22 . The number of fetuses (EFW <10th centile) with abnormally low or high values were used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and level of statistical significance when compared to expected number (5%) from normal control fetuses (https://www.medcalc.org/calc/odds_ratio.php).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15][16][17][18]21 All study parameters were expressed as ranked Z scores with their corresponding centiles and then classified according to their normal reference ranges (Z score < À1.65 or <5th centile = low; Z score > +1.65 or >95th centile = high). 22 The number of Area (mm) 10 Basal-apical length (mm) 11 Maximal transverse width (mm) 11 Global sphericity index 11…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiac Size, Shape, and Ventricular Contractility in Fetuses at Sea Level With an Estimated Weight Less‐than 10th Centile

Lee

Mack

Miremadi

et al. 2022

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objectives-To investigate cardiac size, shape, and ventricular contractility in fetuses with estimated fetal weight (EFW) <10th centile at sea level (Houston).Methods-A prospective ultrasound study examined 37 fetuses with EFW <10th centile at sea level. High-frequency cine clips were used to evaluate the 4-chamber view including end-diastolic measurements and global sphericity index. The size, shape, and contractility of both ventricles were analyzed with speckle tracking methods. Z scores were calculated using the mean AE standard deviation (SD) derived from normal controls. Measurements were abnormal if their Z score values were <À1.65 or >+1.65. The proportion of small fetuses with abnormal parameters was compared to normal reference ranges. Results were compared to a similar published study of small fetuses at higher altitude in Denver.Results-About one-third of Houston fetuses with EFW <10th centile had enlarged globular shaped 4-chamber hearts with increased right ventricle (RV) area, RV basal-apical length, RV base width, and left ventricle (LV) basalapical length measurements. Bilateral ventricular hypertrophy was often present. An increased proportion of Houston fetuses had increased ventricular contractility. However, decreased ventricular contractility was more prevalent for higher altitude fetuses.Conclusions-Third trimester fetuses at sea level, with an EFW <10th centile, were often associated with enlarged and globular-shaped hearts. They had increased global and longitudinal ventricular contractility as compared to controls. Higher altitude fetuses also had enlarged globular-shaped hearts but with a greater proportion of cases having decreased ventricular contractility as compared to the sea level cohort.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac Size, Shape, and Ventricular Contractility in Fetuses at Sea Level With an Estimated Weight Less‐than 10th Centile

Lee

Mack

Miremadi

et al. 2022

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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“…UA-PI > 95 th percentile, MCA-PI < 5 th percentile and CPR < 5 th percentile were considered to be the clinically relevant cut-offs 4,5,7 . If these clinical cut-offs were not reported by the authors, they were calculated using the mean and SD for gestational age 21,22 . Variability in clinically relevant cut-off values was expressed as a percentage and was obtained by subtracting the lowest Doppler value from the highest and dividing by the highest Doppler value for each week of gestation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical impact of Doppler reference charts on management of small‐for‐gestational‐age fetuses: need for standardization

Ruiz

Papageorghiou

Staines-Urias

et al. 2020

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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Objective To assess clinical variability in the management of small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) fetuses according to different published Doppler reference charts for umbilical artery (UA) and fetal middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler indices and cerebroplacental ratio (CPR). Methods We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Web of Science databases from 1954 to 2018 for studies with the sole aim of creating fetal Doppler reference values for UA, MCA and CPR. The top cited articles for each Doppler parameter were included. Variability in Doppler values at the following clinically relevant cut‐offs was assessed: UA‐pulsatility index (PI) > 95th percentile; MCA‐PI < 5th percentile; and CPR < 5th percentile. Variability was calculated for each week of gestation and expressed as the percentage difference between the highest and lowest Doppler value at the clinically relevant cut‐offs. Simulation analysis was performed in a cohort of SGA fetuses (n = 617) to evaluate the impact of this variability on clinical management. Results From a total of 40 studies that met the inclusion criteria, 19 were analyzed (13 for UA‐PI, 10 for MCA‐PI and five for CPR). Wide discrepancies in reported Doppler reference values at clinically relevant cut‐offs were found. MCA‐PI showed the greatest variability, with differences of up to 51% in the 5th percentile value at term. Variability in the 95th percentile of UA‐PI and the 5th percentile of CPR at each gestational week ranged from 21% to 41% and 15% to 33%, respectively. As expected, on simulation analysis, these differences in Doppler cut‐off values were associated with significant variation in the clinical management of SGA fetuses, despite using the same protocol. Conclusions The choice of Doppler reference chart can result in significant variation in the clinical management of SGA fetuses, which may lead to suboptimal outcomes and inaccurate research conclusions. Therefore, an attempt to standardize fetal Doppler reference ranges is needed. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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“…En 256 casos seguidos hasta el parto, con CAF obtenidos 2 a 3 semanas antes del mismo, se procedió a establecer los límites del CAF en tres grupos: a) aquellos con valor menor a 50, b) los ubicados entre 50 y 57, y c) los iguales o mayores a 58, calculando los valores de tendencia central y de peso en cada grupo. Los datos obtenidos fueron sometidos a estudio estadístico por el programa SPSS 8.0 y la calculadora DeVore (22) , que proporciona el porcentaje de sujetos del grupo control que están por debajo o por encima de los percentiles predefinidos del peso fetal en el grupo de estudio o viceversa. Los resultados obtenidos son presentados en tablas y gráficos de propósito especial.…”

Section: Materials Y Métodosunclassified

Índice cefálico/abdominal/femoral (C+A-F), herramienta antropométrica efectiva en la evaluación del crecimiento fetal y de sus desviaciones

Sosa-Olavarría

Álvarez-Moya²,

Giugni

et al. 2020

Rev peru ginecol obstet.

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Antecedentes. Lograr un método ideal que evalúe el potencial de crecimiento fetal es una aspiración incumplida en nuestra disciplina, e impone la necesidad de una evaluación individualizada, a través de nuevas herramientas y multiparámetros integrados. Objetivos. Evaluar la correlación y establecer valores de referencia del índice cefálico/abdominal/femoral (CAF) con la edad gestacional (EG) y el peso fetal estimado, para tipificar la evolución del crecimiento fetal como adecuado o no para la edad gestacional, y correlacionar con el peso del recién nacido a término. Pacientes y métodos. Se estudiaron 1 032 embarazos con embarazo simple y sin complicaciones, de 12 a 38 semanas de gestación, en el Centro Policlínico de Valencia, Venezuela, entre los años 2015 y 2017. Las medidas ecográficas y el peso fetal se estimaron a intervalos de 3 a 5 semanas. Los parámetros estudiados fueron circunferencia cefálica (CC), circunferencia abdominal (CA) y longitud del fémur (FL), integrados en la fórmula índice CAF = [(CC + CA) - FL]. Se aplicó el modelo de regresión cúbica y puntaje Z en 256 casos seguidos hasta el parto. Se establecieron tres grupos de CAF: a) CAF <50, b) CAF 50 a 57, y c) CAF ≥58, calculando la media ± desviación estándar de los pesos de los recién nacidos en cada grupo. Resultados. Según las semanas de gestación, el índice CAF reveló un R² = 0,96, p <0,05, mientras que para el peso fue R² = 0,92, p <0,05. En 256 casos seguidos hasta el parto, cuando el CAF tenía valor igual o superior a 58, el peso del recién nacido fue 3 361 ± 484 g, con diferencias estadísticamente significativas en relación al resto de grupos (prueba de student p <0,05). Conclusiones. El índice CAF es un método multiparméetrico que permite, a través de evaluaciones seriadas, determinar el potencial de crecimiento individual esperado y virtualmente también identificar sus desviaciones.

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How to determine the percentage of study subjects < 5^th or > 95^th centile using the control group when only the mean and standard deviation are provided

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Cardiac Size, Shape, and Ventricular Contractility in Fetuses at Sea Level With an Estimated Weight Less‐than 10th Centile

Cardiac Size, Shape, and Ventricular Contractility in Fetuses at Sea Level With an Estimated Weight Less‐than 10th Centile

Clinical impact of Doppler reference charts on management of small‐for‐gestational‐age fetuses: need for standardization

Índice cefálico/abdominal/femoral (C+A-F), herramienta antropométrica efectiva en la evaluación del crecimiento fetal y de sus desviaciones

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How to determine the percentage of study subjects < 5th or > 95th centile using the control group when only the mean and standard deviation are provided

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Cardiac Size, Shape, and Ventricular Contractility in Fetuses at Sea Level With an Estimated Weight Less‐than 10th Centile

Cardiac Size, Shape, and Ventricular Contractility in Fetuses at Sea Level With an Estimated Weight Less‐than 10th Centile

Clinical impact of Doppler reference charts on management of small‐for‐gestational‐age fetuses: need for standardization

Índice cefálico/abdominal/femoral (C+A-F), herramienta antropométrica efectiva en la evaluación del crecimiento fetal y de sus desviaciones

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How to determine the percentage of study subjects < 5^th or > 95^th centile using the control group when only the mean and standard deviation are provided