How to curtail oversensing in the home

Bolton, Connor; Fu, Kevin; Hester, Josiah; Han, Jun

doi:10.1145/3396261

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The fundamental privacy design challenge with webcam technology is "oversensing". The oversensing observation [29] finds that overly-capable sensors can provide too much information to downstream processing-more data than is needed to complete a function, such as a meaningful face-to-face conversation. This oversensing leads to a violation of the sensor equivalent to the classic Principle of Least Privilege (PoLP) [59].…”

Section: B Long-term Defensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research [29] proposed to filter raw sensor data streams to regulate the amount of accessible information and to create access control mechanisms for allowing different categories of users to acquire different levels of information. We believe this approach could work well for webcam data, but will require privacy enhancing technology catering to video streaming within the software stack.…”

Section: B Long-term Defensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Private Eye: On the Limits of Textual Screen Peeking via Eyeglass Reflections in Video Conferencing

Liu¹,

Chen²,

Shivan³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Personal video conferencing has become the new norm after COVID-19 caused a seismic shift from in-person meetings and phone calls to video conferencing for daily communications and sensitive business. Video leaks participants' onscreen information because eyeglasses and other reflective objects unwittingly expose partial screen contents. Using mathematical modeling and human subjects experiments, this research explores the extent to which emerging webcams might leak recognizable textual information gleamed from eyeglass reflections captured by webcams. The primary goal of our work is to measure, compute, and predict the factors, limits, and thresholds of recognizability as webcam technology evolves in the future. Our work explores and characterizes the viable threat models based on optical attacks using multi-frame super resolution techniques on sequences of video frames. Our experimental results and models show it is possible to reconstruct and recognize on-screen text with a height as small as 10 mm with a 720p webcam. We further apply this threat model to web textual content with varying attacker capabilities to find thresholds at which text becomes recognizable. Our user study with 20 participants suggests present-day 720p webcams are sufficient for adversaries to reconstruct textual content on big-font websites. Our models further show that the evolution towards 4K cameras will tip the threshold of text leakage to reconstruction of most header texts on popular websites. Our research proposes near-term mitigations, and justifies the importance of following the principle of least privilege for long-term defense against this attack. For privacy-sensitive scenarios, it's further recommended to develop technologies that blur all objects by default, then only unblur what is absolutely necessary to facilitate natural looking conversations.

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Section: B Long-term Defensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Long-term Defensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Private Eye: On the Limits of Textual Screen Peeking via Eyeglass Reflections in Video Conferencing

Liu¹,

Chen²,

Shivan³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Adversaries will attack CPSs in new and increasingly sophisticated ways. For example, researchers have demonstrated fascinating facets of hardware components, like “microphones that ‘hear’ light”, “microprocessors that ‘tell’ us secrets”, “self‐driving cars that ‘see’ fake objects”, or “sensors that ‘feel’ wrong temperatures.” 8‐12 Even recent advances, for example, in the cars we drive, demonstrate the importance of trustworthiness in such systems. If our cars should automatically brake to avoid collisions, we must analyze, understand and address both safety and security issues in the early stages of design and deployment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe and secure cyber‐physical systems

Bíró

Mashkoor

Sametinger

2021

J Software Evolu Process

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Cyber‐Physical Systems (CPSs) differ from traditional Information Technology (IT) systems in such a way that they interact with the physical environment, i.e., they can monitor and manipulate real objects and processes. For this special issue, the authors of the best papers of IWCFS 2019 were invited to submit extended versions of their workshop papers. Additionally, we received eight submissions from around the globe as a result of an open call. After thorough and stringent reviews, we selected six articles that provide relevant contributions to the field of safety and security for CPSs.

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