How to Control Campylobacter in Poultry Farms?: An Overview of the Main Strategies

Abstract

It is now recognized that Campylobacter is one of the main bacterial hazard involved in foodborne diseases around the world leading to an increasing number of gastrointestinal campylobacteriosis in humans. Also, it is known that this disease has a very highsocial cost. According to researchers of Emerging Pathogens Institute (EPI) (University of Florida, the United States), the combination poultry/Campylobacter is the greatest cause of human campylobacteriosis. It is well known all around the world that intestinal carriage of Campylobacter is very large and frequent; it can be reached 100% of animal infected. Reducing this biological hazard can be exercised at different stage levels in the food chain. Intervention at the farm level by reducing colonization of the birds should be taken into account in the overall control strategy. This chapter gives an up-to-date overview of suggested on-farm control measures to reduce the prevalence and colonization of Campylobacter in poultry.

Risk of multi-drug resistant Campylobacter spp. and residual antimicrobials at poultry farms and live bird markets in Bangladesh

“…However, this study did not include investigations measuring the minimum inhibitory compounds, understanding the genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance among the Campylobacter isolates, and comparing with antimicrobial resistance patterns among the human populations, which are prospective areas requiring further research. Since antimicrobial-induced genetic recombination and changing patterns in MDR traits in campylobacters poses a major challenge to health interventions, a combined application of multiple strategies, e.g., practicing good husbandry with prudent use of antimicrobials, maintaining adequate hygiene and sanitation, and introducing vaccination, probiotics, prebiotics, antimicrobial peptides, and herbal extracts, may be more effective to promote the sustainable growth of poultry sector [49,50]. Developing management guidelines to combat zoonotic diseases requires systematic risk assessment along with the dynamics and diversity of MDR pathogens, including campylobacters, which are often challenging due to disproportionate vulnerabilities but crucial to participatory management.…”

Detection and quantification of Campylobacter spp. in Brazilian poultry processing plants

“…Even if Campylobacter can enter a "viable but not culturable" state that is difficult to detect with conventional methods and which could difficult its detection, this discrepancy is more likely related to the detection of free Campylobacter DNA. Preventive approaches such good hygiene practices and biosecurity could be a strategy to prevent the colonization of animals by Campylobacter and to control this agent in the poultry production chain [26]. The development of indirect measures, complementary of best practices, can reduce the intestinal number of Campylobacter in poultry.…”

Risk of multi-drug resistant Campylobacter spp. and residual antimicrobials at poultry farms and live bird markets in Bangladesh

“…However, this study did not include investigations measuring the minimum inhibitory compounds, understanding the genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance among the Campylobacter isolates, and comparing with antimicrobial resistance patterns among the human populations, which are prospective areas requiring further research. Since antimicrobial-induced genetic recombination and changing patterns in MDR traits in campylobacters poses a major challenge to health interventions, a combined application of multiple strategies, e.g., practicing good husbandry with prudent use of antimicrobials, maintaining adequate hygiene and sanitation, and introducing vaccination, probiotics, prebiotics, antimicrobial peptides, and herbal extracts, may be more effective to promote the sustainable growth of poultry sector [50,51]. Developing management guidelines to combat zoonotic diseases requires systematic risk assessment along with the dynamics and diversity of MDR pathogens, including campylobacters, which are often challenging due to disproportionate vulnerabilities but crucial to participatory management.…”