How to build a microbial eye

Richards, Thomas A.; Gomes, Suely L.

doi:10.1038/nature14630

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Blastocladiella emersonii possesses a unique bacterial type-1-rhodopsin + guanylyl-cyclase domain fusion (BeGC1, 626 amino acids), which, together with a cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (BeCNG1), controls zoospore phototaxis in response to cGMP levels after exposure to green light 96 . BeGC1 was localized by immunofluorescence on the external membrane of the axonemeassociated lipid droplets, which function as an eyespot at the base of the flagellum and control its beating [96][97][98] . The BeGC1 fusion and the channel BeCNG1 proteins have also been found in other blastocladiomycetes (A. macrogynus and C. anguillulae).…”

Section: Nuclearia Thermophilamentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenomics of a new fungal phylum reveals multiple waves of reductive evolution across Holomycota

et al. 2021

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Compared to multicellular fungi and unicellular yeasts, unicellular fungi with free-living flagellated stages (zoospores) remain poorly known and their phylogenetic position is often unresolved. Recently, rRNA gene phylogenetic analyses of two atypical parasitic fungi with amoeboid zoospores and long kinetosomes, the sanchytrids Amoeboradix gromovi and Sanchytrium tribonematis, showed that they formed a monophyletic group without close affinity with known fungal clades. Here, we sequence single-cell genomes for both species to assess their phylogenetic position and evolution. Phylogenomic analyses using different protein datasets and a comprehensive taxon sampling result in an almost fully-resolved fungal tree, with Chytridiomycota as sister to all other fungi, and sanchytrids forming a well-supported, fast-evolving clade sister to Blastocladiomycota. Comparative genomic analyses across fungi and their allies (Holomycota) reveal an atypically reduced metabolic repertoire for sanchytrids. We infer three main independent flagellum losses from the distribution of over 60 flagellum-specific proteins across Holomycota. Based on sanchytrids’ phylogenetic position and unique traits, we propose the designation of a novel phylum, Sanchytriomycota. In addition, our results indicate that most of the hyphal morphogenesis gene repertoire of multicellular fungi had already evolved in early holomycotan lineages.

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Section: Nuclearia Thermophilamentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenomics of a new fungal phylum reveals multiple waves of reductive evolution across Holomycota

et al. 2021

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“…13,15,16 Moreover, research done on the visual capabilities of algae and protists clearly suggest vision already in unicellular organisms. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Experimental testing of the ocelli-based plant vision, as it was done by Harold Wager, 4 would be the logical next step in our quest for understanding the plant sensory complexity. Currently, in a cooperation with the group of Prof. Maximilian Weigend, we are growing several Boquila plants in the Botanical Garden of the University of Bonn.…”

Section: Outlook and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boquila trifoliolata mimics leaves of an artificial plastic host plant

White

Yamashita

2021

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Upon discovery that the Boquila trifoliolata is capable of flexible leaf mimicry, the question of the mechanism behind this ability has been unanswered. Here, we demonstrate that plant vision possibly via plant-specific ocelli is a plausible hypothesis. A simple experiment by placing an artificial vine model above the living plants has shown that these will attempt to mimic the artificial leaves. The experiment has been carried out with multiple plants, and each plant has shown attempts at mimicry. It was observed that mimic leaves showed altered leaf areas, perimeters, lengths, and widths compared to non-mimic leaves. We have calculated four morphometrical features and observed that mimic leaves showed higher aspect ratio and lower rectangularity and form factor compared to non-mimic leaves. In addition, we have observed differences in the leaf venation patterns, with the mimic leaves having less dense vascular networks, thinner vascular strands, and lower numbers of free-ending veinlets.

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“…B. emersonii possesses a unique bacterial type-1-rhodopsin+guanylyl cyclase domain fusion (BeGC1, 626 amino acids) which, together with a cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (BeCNG1), controls zoospore phototaxis in response to cGMP levels after exposure to green light 96 . BeGC1 was localized by immunofluorescence on the external membrane of the axoneme-associated lipid droplets, which function as an eyespot at the base of the flagellum and control its beating [96][97][98] . The BeGC1 fusion and the channel BeCNG1 proteins have also been found in other blastocladiomycetes (A.…”

Section: Fungal "Vision" and Flagellum Exaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenomics of a new fungal phylum reveals multiple waves of reductive evolution across Holomycota

Galindo

López‐García

Torruella

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Compared to well-known multicellular fungi and unicellular yeast, unicellular fungi with zoosporic, free-living flagellated stages remain poorly known and their phylogenetic position is often unresolved. Recently, 18S+28S rRNA gene molecular phylogenetic analyses of two atypical parasitic fungi with amoeboid zoospores and record-long simplified kinetosomes, Amoeboradix gromovi and Sanchytrium tribonematis, showed that they formed a monophyletic group without affinity with any known fungal clade. To assess their phylogenetic position and unique trait evolution, we sequenced single-cell genomes for both species. Phylogenomic analyses using 264 protein markers and a comprehensive taxon sampling retrieved and almost fully-resolved fungal tree with these species forming a well-supported, fast-evolving clade sister to Blastocladiomycota. Chytridiomycota branched as sister to all other fungi, and the zoosporic fungus Olpidium bornovanus as sister to non-flagellated fungi. Comparative genomic analyses across Holomycota revealed an atypically reduced metabolic repertoire for sanchytrids given their placement in the tree. We infer four independent flagellum losses from the distribution of over 60 flagellum-specific proteins across Holomycota. The highly reduced sanchytrid flagellar machinery, notably their long kinetosome, might have been retained to support a putative light-sensing lipid organelle. Together with their phylogenetic position, these unique traits justify the erection of the novel phylum Sanchytriomycota. Our results also show that most of the hyphal morphogenesis gene repertoire of multicellular Fungi had already evolved in early holomycotan lineages.

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How to build a microbial eye

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Phylogenomics of a new fungal phylum reveals multiple waves of reductive evolution across Holomycota

Phylogenomics of a new fungal phylum reveals multiple waves of reductive evolution across Holomycota

Boquila trifoliolata mimics leaves of an artificial plastic host plant

Phylogenomics of a new fungal phylum reveals multiple waves of reductive evolution across Holomycota

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