How the West was One: Explaining the Similarities in Race-Specific Homicide Rates in the West and South

Parker, Karen F.; Pruitt, Matthew V.

doi:10.2307/3006182

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Structural research has also focused on race, economic inequality, and other social disadvantage indicators but the empirical results have often been characterized by mixed or contradictory findings (McCall, Land, & Parker, 2010;Pridemore & Trent, 2010). Perhaps the most consistent finding is in the race-crime area of research, with most studies reporting a positive race effect (Kovandzic, Vieraitis, & Yeisley, 1998;Liska, Sanchirico, & Reed, 1998;Messner, 1983;Parker & Pruitt, 2000). 5 Economic inequality has been the focus of violence research (J. R. Blau & Blau, 1982;Jacobs & Richardson, 2008), but findings have been mixed (Messner, 1982(Messner, , 1983Messner & Tardiff, 1985).…”

Section: Crime and Inequality Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Inequality and Instrumental Violence

Helms

Costanza

2014

Sage Open

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Economic research has firmly established that energy consumption is closely linked to economic growth patterns. The subtext of such research is that disruptions to stable supplies of affordable energy could adversely affect quality of life and interrupt patterns of social cohesiveness. This article investigates a hypothesized link between patterns of energy consumption and instrumental violence across 868 U.S. counties. Tobit regression results confirm an inverse association between a global indicator of energy consumption and robbery rates, after statistically holding constant numerous theorized correlates of crime. Results support calls for increased contingency planning in anticipation of energy-related social control challenges and continued efforts to research and develop alternate and affordable energy.

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Section: Crime and Inequality Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Inequality and Instrumental Violence

Helms

Costanza

2014

Sage Open

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“…Research focused on the concentration of homicides in the U.S. South demonstrates that killings are more common in areas with characteristics most closely associated with the ''old South'' and its corresponding culture of violence Ellison et al, 2003;Messner et al, 2005;Ousey & Lee, 2010;Parker & Pruitt, 2000). Yet, despite the voluminous literature on the ''southern culture of violence,'' prior work has largely ignored links between historic lynchings and contemporary southern violence .…”

Section: The Present Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Areas of the U.S. South are apparently distinguished by greater normative support for the use of interpersonal violence to resolve interpersonal disputes, especially to defend honor (Baller, Zevenbergen, & Messner, 2009;Ellison, Burr, & McCall, 2003;Messner et al, 2005;Ousey & Lee, 2010;Parker & Pruitt, 2000). These locally cultivated cultures of violence are not uniformly distributed, but rather, ''scattered about in 'pockets' across the region'' (Doerner, 1975, p. 68).…”

Section: Cultivated Cultures Of Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We measure the number of Klan chapters (Klaverns) active in each county between 1964 and 1966 to capture the White supremacist repressive capacity of each county. The southern ''code of honor'' characteristic of areas with histories of a herding economy may also explain the geographic distribution of ACRE and homicide Messner et al, 2005;Ousey & Lee, 2010;Parker & Pruitt, 2000). As such, we include historical livestock and crop production indices because areas with a history of minimal agricultural production and high levels of animal grazing should be most susceptible to the southern code of honor Messner et al, 2005, p. 642).…”

Section: Predictors Of Anti-civil Rights Enforcement (Acre)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Transmission of Historical Racial Violence

Petersen

Ward

2015

Race and Justice

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Research finds that historic racial violence helps predict spatial distributions of contemporary outcomes, including homicide. These findings underscore the continued need to historicize modern race relations, yet intervening processes linking past violence with present events remain unclear. This study examines these intermediary mechanisms by reducing the century-long time-lapse common to legacy of racial violence research. We use mid-century measures of violent opposition to the Civil Rights Movement to bridge the historical gap between lynchings and later homicide, thus clarifying the dynamic and contingent nature of the legacy of racial violence. Structural equation models indicate that incidents of anti-civil rights enforcement and contemporary homicides are more likely to occur in areas with pronounced histories of lynching. Civil rights era assaults mediate the relationship between lynchings and contemporary homicide generally, but not White-on-Black homicide, signaling a need for further research documenting events of mid-century racial violence and clarifying these and other sources of historical transmission. Implications for future research and public policy are considered.

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“…According to Massey and Denton (1993), blacks remain spatially isolated and residentially segregated from whites at all levels of economic status, while Hispanics and Asians have experienced clear improvements as their economic status increases. Researchers have incorporated race-speci c measures of job accessibility Shihadeh and Maume 1997), poverty concentration (Krivo and Peterson 1996;Parker and Pruitt 2000), joblessness (Peterson et al 1998;Sampson 1987), primary and secondary labor market participation (Crutch eld and Pitchford 1997), as well as indicators of economic and political competition (Jacobs and Wood 1999; into the study of intra-and/or inter-racial homicide rates. One look at the racial differences in socioeconomic status across U.S. cities makes the disparities described by the above scholars widely evident.…”

Section: Contributions Of Racial Strati Cation Literature To the Studmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Racial Discrimination and Competition Processes of Race-Specific Violence in the Urban Context

2002

Self Cite

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There has been increasing effort devoted to examining the linkages between urban disadvantage and race-speci c violence in the sociological literature. Much of this literature has either focused on identifying the consequences of urban disadvantage on different racial groups, particularly as it relates to offending rates, or documenting the impact of labor market factors on intra-racial and inter-racial violence. While this literature advances our understanding of the interconnections between race, economic disadvantage and violence in the urban context, our exploration into this literature has only begun. In this paper, we outline the contributions of the racial strati cation literature to the study of urban violence and argue that this literature plays an essential role in moving

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How the West was One: Explaining the Similarities in Race-Specific Homicide Rates in the West and South

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

Energy Inequality and Instrumental Violence

Energy Inequality and Instrumental Violence

The Transmission of Historical Racial Violence

Exploring the Racial Discrimination and Competition Processes of Race-Specific Violence in the Urban Context

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