How the three arches of the foot intercorrelate

Gwani, Abdullahi Suleiman; Asari, Mohd Asnizam; Ismail, Zul Izhar Mohd

doi:10.5603/fm.a2017.0049

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The foot is constructed as a series of three intersecting arches: a longitudinal lateral arch, a longitudinal medial arch, and a transverse arch at the level of the distal tarsal bones (Fig 2). These arches are interrelated, so failure at one leads to dysfunction at the others (8,9). The lateral arch, which is composed of the calcaneus, cuboid bone, and fourth and fifth metatarsals, is rigid and functions to support body weight (8).…”

Section: Arches Of the Footmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These arches are interrelated, so failure at one leads to dysfunction at the others (8,9). The lateral arch, which is composed of the calcaneus, cuboid bone, and fourth and fifth metatarsals, is rigid and functions to support body weight (8). The medial arch, comprising the calcaneus, talus, navicular, and cuneiform bones and the medial three metatarsals, is taller and more flexible, which allows it to vary dynamically in shape and…”

Section: Arches Of the Footmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these, PTT degeneration is, by far, the most common. Initially, configuration during gait (1,6,8). The osseous structures that form the longitudinal arches are referred to as the lateral and medial columns of the foot.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Staging, and Imaging Findings

Flores¹,

Gómez²,

Hernando³

et al. 2019

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■ Describe the anatomy and function of each of the principal stabilizers of the medial arch and how their dysfunction leads to AAFD. ■ Assess foot malalignment with standard radiographic metrics and recognize imaging findings that indicate damage to the supporting structures of the foot. ■ Explain the principles of clinical staging of AAFD and the most commonly used treatment options for each stage.

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Section: Arches Of the Footmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Arches Of the Footmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Staging, and Imaging Findings

Flores¹,

Gómez²,

Hernando³

et al. 2019

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128

106

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“…MLA is composed of the bones of calcaneus, talus, navicular, the three cuneiforms, and first three metatarsals. Gwani et al reported that navicular height decreases when the height of MLA decreases [27]. The summit of MLA is talocalcaneonavicular joint [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Three Footprint Grades to Evaluate Footprint Indexes for Flat Foot Diagnosis

Ghazaleh

Saleh-Sedghpour

Mohajerinejad

et al. 2019

PTJ

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The present study investigated the most appropriate footprint index and its related parameters for the diagnosis of flatfoot, especially in cases with mild deformity. Methods: In total, 148 footprints were recorded from 77 young women with flatfoot. Footprints were classified into three groups of mild, moderate, and sever. Footprint indexes included Sztriter-Godunov (KY), Clarke's Angle (CA), Chippaux-Smirak Index (CSI), and Staheli (ST) indexes. The mentioned indexes and their relevant parameters were calculated on the footprints in the aforementioned groups. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify proper components for the diagnosis of flatfoot. By multivariate analysis of variance, between-group differences were assessed. A Chi-squared test was used to identify the most accurate index for the diagnosis of mild flatfoot. Results: Exploratory factor analysis based on the parameters of footprint indexes identified three essential components. Two identified components were based on the 6 parameters of CSI, KY, and ST indexes in moderate and sever footprints. The third component was related to footprints with mild grading and was composed of three extracted parameters from midfoot region. Moreover, the linear combination of the three last parameters suggested a significant difference between three groups (P<0.01). Eventually, KY index could identify the highest number of flatfoots in the mild group (P=0.000). Conclusion: Study findings revealed that indexes in which parameters were extracted from midfoot region could be suitable for the diagnosis of mild flatfoot. KY index's parameters were extracted from midfoot. Considering that KY could identify several remarkable mild flatfoots in comparison with other indexes, we can introduce it as a proper index.

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“…O comprimento dos metatarsais no plano axial é julgado como uma condição determinante para atingir uma distribuição fisiológica da carga 1,33 , já que discrepâncias da fórmula metatarsal, supostamente sobrecarregariam uma região específica, lesando-a e causando dor 10,16,17,[34][35][36] .…”

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Estudo radiográfico axial do antepé para a avaliação do alinhamento da cabeça dos metatarsais no plano coronal

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Ao meu irmão Tiago, presente em todos os momentos.À minha querida esposa Valdinélia, incansável companheira, me dando suporte, amor, carinho e tranquilidade nos momentos mais difíceis.Às minhas duas preciosas filhas, Laís e Clara, fonte de motivação para ser uma pessoa melhor. AGRADECIMENTOSAo Prof. Dr. Tulio Diniz Fernandes, não apenas por me orientar nessa dissertação, com seus ensinamentos científicos e acadêmicos, mas principalmente, por toda ajuda na minha formação como ortopedista e traumatologista. INTRODUCTION:Many authors consider the differences in the relative length of metatarsals in the axial plane, the cause of inadequate load distribution during the gait, overloading the forefoot plantar structures, culminating with metatarsalgia. The realignment of the metatarsal formula is the goal of surgical treatment of this syndrome. However, many studies have shown a 15% rate of metatarsalgia recurrence after the reconstruction in the axial plane, questioning the importance of the metatarsal heads alignment in the coronal plane. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the alignment pattern of metatarsal heads in the coronal plane in individuals with and without metatarsalgia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study evaluated 106 individuals between 30 and 65 years old. They were divided in two groups of 106 feet each, one without foot pathologies and another group with metatarsalgia between the 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsals. The recruitment was performed at the IOT HC FMUSP for both groups, respecting the criteria of inclusion, exclusion and applying the Informed Consent Term. Individuals with midfoot, hindfoot and ankle deformities, patients with previous surgeries or fractures in the foot, rheumatologic diseases and osteoneuromuscular syndromes were not included. After the selection, the subjects were submitted to one weightbearing forefoot axial radiograph, evaluating the coronal plane in order to verify the heights of the metatarsals heads, and other weightbearing anteroposterior foot radiograph, determining the length of each ray. Statistical analysis was performed comparing the measurements between groups. RESULTS: A hundred six individuals were evaluated, forming two groups with 106 feet each. The group with metatarsalgia presented 34 male patients feet (32%), with a mean age of 49.5 years. Thirtythree feet with hallux valgus were identified in the metatarsalgia group. In the non-pathological group were found 54 male patients feet (51%), with a mean age of 44.6 years. Anthropometric variables such as foot size, body weight, height and BMI between the groups did not present statistical difference. The metatarsal heads in both groups were distributed in curved line in the coronal plane, following the formula M1 M3> M4 = M5. The distal support of the 1st ray was positioned more plantar in the metatarsalgia group (p = 0.000). CONCLUSION:The metatarsal heads in individuals with metatarsalgia and no hallux valgus, were aligned in the coronal plane following this formula M1 M3> M4 = M5, with M1

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How the three arches of the foot intercorrelate

Abstract: (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 4: 682-688)

Cited by 30 publications

References 29 publications

Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Staging, and Imaging Findings

Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Staging, and Imaging Findings

Comparing Three Footprint Grades to Evaluate Footprint Indexes for Flat Foot Diagnosis

Estudo radiográfico axial do antepé para a avaliação do alinhamento da cabeça dos metatarsais no plano coronal

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