How the sensory system of carnivorous plants has evolved

Pavlovič, Andrej

doi:10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100462

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This is in accordance with our study, where a water drop did not induce significant accumulation of jasmonates (Figure 2) and thus enzymatic activities, which are under their control and therefore were not upregulated (Figure 4). This indicates that weak activation of the JA signalling pathway by a water drop was already pre-established in non-carnivorous plants and co-opted during the evolution of jasmonate signalling by carnivorous plants [28]. Matsumura et al [27] suggested that rain drop mechanostimulation activates JA signalling only partially, and that mechanosensitive genes are regulated rather by calmodulin-binding transcription activator (CAMTA) directly through an increased intracellular Ca 2+ concentration [Ca 2+ ] cyt .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Cannot Activate Traps of the Carnivorous Sundew Plant Drosera capensis: On the Trail of Darwin’s 150-Years-Old Mystery

Pavlovič

Vrobel

Tarkowski

2023

Plants

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In his famous book Insectivorous plants, Charles Darwin observed that the bending response of tentacles in the carnivorous sundew plant Drosera rotundifolia was not triggered by a drop of water, but rather the application of many dissolved chemicals or mechanical stimulation. In this study, we tried to reveal this 150-years-old mystery using methods not available in his time. We measured electrical signals, phytohormone tissue level, enzyme activities and an abundance of digestive enzyme aspartic protease droserasin in response to different stimuli (water drop, ammonia, mechanostimulation, chitin, insect prey) in Cape sundew (Drosera capensis). Drops of water induced the lowest number of action potentials (APs) in the tentacle head, and accumulation of jasmonates in the trap was not significantly different from control plants. On the other hand, all other stimuli significantly increased jasmonate accumulation; the highest was found after the application of insect prey. Drops of water also did not induce proteolytic activity and an abundance of aspartic protease droserasin in contrast to other stimuli. We found that the tentacles of sundew plants are not responsive to water drops due to an inactive jasmonic acid signalling pathway, important for the induction of significant digestive enzyme activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Cannot Activate Traps of the Carnivorous Sundew Plant Drosera capensis: On the Trail of Darwin’s 150-Years-Old Mystery

Pavlovič

Vrobel

Tarkowski

2023

Plants

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“…A recent study has shown that chemical signals from prey (chitin and protein) are more important for stable, high, and long-term accumulation of JAs and digestive enzymes in Dionaea than mechanical stimuli alone ( Jakšová et al ., 2020 ). Similarly, D. lusitanicum may respond mainly to chemical stimuli from insect prey, but Ca 2+ signalling in response to mechanical touch, as is known in Arabidopsis trichome or Drosera tentacles, cannot be ruled out ( Matsumura et al ., 2022 ; Pavlovič, 2022 ; Procko et al ., 2022 ). In accordance with our study, an ultrastructural study on digestive glands of D .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the co-option of jasmonate signalling for botanical carnivory a universal trait for all carnivorous plants?

Pavlovič,

Koller,

Vrobel

et al. 2023

Journal of Experimental Botany

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The carnivorous plants in the order Caryophyllales co-opted jasmonate signalling from plant defence to botanical carnivory. However, carnivorous plants have at least eleven independent origins, and here we ask whether jasmonate signalling has been co-opted repeatedly in different evolutionary lineages. We experimentally wounded and fed the carnivorous plants Sarracenia purpurea (order: Ericales), Cephalotus follicularis (order: Oxalidales), Drosophyllum lusitanicum (order: Caryophyllales), and measured electrical signals, phytohormone tissue level, and digestive enzymes activity. Coronatine was added exogenously to confirm the role of jasmonates in the induction of digestive process. Immunodetection of aspartic protease and proteomic analysis of digestive fluid was also performed. We found that prey capture induced accumulation of endogenous jasmonates only in D. lusitanicum, in accordance with increased enzyme activity after insect prey or coronatine application. In C. follicularis, the enzyme activity was constitutive, in S. purpurea rather regulated by multiple factors. Several classes of digestive enzymes were identified in the digestive fluid of D. lusitanicum. Although carnivorous plants from different evolutionary lineages use the same digestive enzymes, the mechanism of their regulation differs. All investigated genera use jasmonates for their ancient role - defence, but jasmonate signalling has been co-opted for botanical carnivory only in some of them.

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“…Living organisms are autonomous systems capable of sensing their environment, processing information, and executing the necessary actions (1)(2)(3). Inspired by this fascinating autonomy, researchers have been seeking to synthesize autonomous systems that do not require manual operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomous assembly and disassembly of gliding molecular robots regulated by a DNA-based molecular controller

Kawamata,

Nishiyama,

Matsumoto

et al. 2024

Sci. Adv.

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In recent years, there has been a growing interest in engineering dynamic and autonomous systems with robotic functionalities using biomolecules. Specifically, the ability of molecular motors to convert chemical energy to mechanical forces and the programmability of DNA are regarded as promising components for these systems. However, current systems rely on the manual addition of external stimuli, limiting the potential for autonomous molecular systems. Here, we show that DNA-based cascade reactions can act as a molecular controller that drives the autonomous assembly and disassembly of DNA-functionalized microtubules propelled by kinesins. The DNA controller is designed to produce two different DNA strands that program the interaction between the microtubules. The gliding microtubules integrated with the controller autonomously assemble to bundle-like structures and disassemble into discrete filaments without external stimuli, which is observable by fluorescence microscopy. We believe this approach to be a starting point toward more autonomous behavior of motor protein–based multicomponent systems with robotic functionalities.

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How the sensory system of carnivorous plants has evolved

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Water Cannot Activate Traps of the Carnivorous Sundew Plant Drosera capensis: On the Trail of Darwin’s 150-Years-Old Mystery

Water Cannot Activate Traps of the Carnivorous Sundew Plant Drosera capensis: On the Trail of Darwin’s 150-Years-Old Mystery

Is the co-option of jasmonate signalling for botanical carnivory a universal trait for all carnivorous plants?

Autonomous assembly and disassembly of gliding molecular robots regulated by a DNA-based molecular controller

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