How Public R&amp;D Support Affects Research Activity of Enterprises: Evidence from the Czech Republic

Klímová, Viktorie; Žítek, Vladimír; Kŕaĺová, Mária

doi:10.1007/s13132-019-0580-2

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The distinction between private and public R&D is especially useful since the question of whether these are complements or substitutes has not yet been satisfactorily answered in the literature [14]. As other authors suggest (e.g., [24,25,29,58]), the scientific policy of the individual countries affects the target of research and development that is publicly funded. Thus, research in the government and the higher-education sector focuses on obtaining unique knowledge in unknown areas that contribute to knowledge growth and strengthening of innovation efficiency of companies, and also sustainable resource conservation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Innovation is typically a policy where the European added value is felt, as the scale of the EU allows for bigger projects to be funded, experiments to be run at a higher scale, and standards to be applied over a larger territory [27]. Innovation performance and innovation policy are closely linked to the evaluation and efficiency of R&D [7,28,29]. From the point of development concepts, innovation policy in its simplest form is based on a linear understanding of the process of innovation (science-push), which considers innovations as a logical result of successful R&D. Consequently, innovation policy blends with a science-research policy whose critical task is to support R&D [12,30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research and Development Efficiency in Public and Private Sectors: An Empirical Analysis of EU Countries by Using DEA Methodology

2020

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Both the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) and its embedded technology diffusion exponentially progress and grow in terms of technical change and socioeconomic impact. The aim of this study was the evaluation of research and development efficiency in the public and private sectors in EU countries. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology, within which the slack-based model was applied, was used to achieve this aim. The Malmquist index (MI) was used to calculate changes in research and development efficiency during 2010/2013 and 2014/2017. The results present a decrease in total Research and Development (R&D) productivity in public and private sectors for an average of EU countries (28). However, Spain, Slovenia, and Portugal (in the public sector), and Ireland and Romania (in the private sector) revealed an increase of a total R&D productivity during 2010/2013 and 2014/2017 that was primarily influenced by an increase of technical efficiency (catch-up effect). Similarly, the results confirm the differences in R&D efficiency in private and public sectors in the European countries. The study’s results also provide a valuable platform for creators of national strategic and innovative investment and educational plans, and creators of relevant policies and create a platform for national and international benchmarking indicators.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research and Development Efficiency in Public and Private Sectors: An Empirical Analysis of EU Countries by Using DEA Methodology

2020

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“…Over the years, the case for public support for R&D has been growing stronger (Lundvall & Borrás, 2009;Smith, 2015), as R&D is not the concern of a particular single firm but is influenced by the maturity of a given economy and the government's priorities in this area (Petrin & Radicic, 2021;Caleb et al, 2021). In addition to that, R&D support positively influences company´s own R&D expenditures (Klímová, Žítek, & Králová, 2020). However, the offer of public support also poses some risk (Rettberg & Witt, 2021) of failure in its distribution.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected aspects of indirect R&D support in the Czech Republic

Brabec¹,

Černíková²,

Hyblerova³

2022

Journal of International Studies

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Sustainable economic development and current global challenges accentuate businesses’ innovative activities across the size spectrum. Developed countries are looking for ways to support the acceleration of R&D activities. A mix of direct and indirect instruments is used for this purpose. Indirect instruments are implemented in the corporate environment primarily through various tax incentives. A widespread form of tax incentives represents the possibility of reducing the tax base by expenses related to R&D activities. The article analyses the amount and structure of companies in the Czech Republic, which use the deduction for research and development. The research sample includes all companies that filled out their tax returns between 2009 and 2020. The established hypotheses are tested using the methods of descriptive statistics, the Chi-Square test of independence, and the analysis of variance. The research results confirm a statistically significant difference between the average number of companies using deduction for research and development if those companies are classified according to their size. In addition, it was revealed that the number of companies using deduction for research and development has gradually declined since 2015. Furthermore, it was found that the structure of companies using the deduction for research and development changes over time.

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“…As evidenced by prior research, the governments need feedback in the form of research into the impacts of public funding on firms' innovation performance through the influence of basic research and cooperation-based resources in the individual countries of Central and Eastern Europe (Prokop & Stejskal, 2014;Klímová et al, 2019). There is still a discrepancy in the researchers' and practitioners' conclusions regarding the efficiency of the use of public national and European funds in these "catching-up" countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fostering Czech firms? innovation performance through efficient cooperation

Prokop

Stříteská

Stejskal

2021

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Research background: The business climate development and the stage of innovation systems? transformation are very similar in many Central and Eastern European countries, making it necessary to study these specific economies. These economies are at a different level of transformation, and their governments are trying to support the development of a knowledge-based economy, the creation of innovation systems, and collaboration among different types of entities. These governments need feedback in the form of research into the impacts of public funding on innovation activities through the influence of basic research and cooperation-based resources in individual countries. Purpose of the article: This paper focuses on the examination of (i) the influence of national and European subsidies on innovation performance in manufacturing firms in the Czech Republic and (ii) impacts of knowledge- and cooperation-based resources on innovation activities in Czech manufacturing. Methods: The latest available data from the Community Innovation Survey was used for analyses realized by different regression models. The proposed research models were gradually created to verify the influence of pro-innovation factors (expenditures on in-house and external R&D and on the acquisition of external tangible and intangible sources, cooperation with different partners and innovation) and public (national and/or European) funding of firms? innovation performance within the Czech manufacturing industry. Findings and value added: The results have showed that there is a need to focus on direct and indirect effects of selected innovation determinants; we have also identified the crucial role of cooperation (specifically with government, public, or private research institutes) as a mediating variable within innovation processes. The results have also evidenced that public funding affects the efficiency of knowledge- and cooperation-based resources and amplifies the impact on firms? innovation performance differently. Whereas subsidies from national budgets do not significantly influence the innovation performance of Czech manufacturing firms, European subsidies, on the other hand, significantly increase firms? innovation performance. A long-term contribution of this paper is the significant completion of the theory of policy implications that may be applicable in a broad international context beyond the borders of the Czech Republic. This study significantly contributes to the ongoing discussion about (i) the significance of public financial subsidies from both national and European funds and (ii) the effects of cooperation and R&D on firms? innovation performance within ?catching-up? in Central and Eastern Europe.

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How Public R&D Support Affects Research Activity of Enterprises: Evidence from the Czech Republic

Cited by 12 publications

References 40 publications

Research and Development Efficiency in Public and Private Sectors: An Empirical Analysis of EU Countries by Using DEA Methodology

Research and Development Efficiency in Public and Private Sectors: An Empirical Analysis of EU Countries by Using DEA Methodology

Selected aspects of indirect R&D support in the Czech Republic

Fostering Czech firms? innovation performance through efficient cooperation

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