How pollution legacies and land use histories shape post-communist forest cover trends in the Western Carpathians

Main-Knorn, Magdalena; Hostert, Patrick; Kozak, Jacek; Kuemmerle, Tobias

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.03.034

Cited by 44 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…monocultures or mixed stands, dominated by European beech (Fagus sylvatica), spruce, and European silver fir (Abies alba). Forests in this area are characterized by highly variable tree vigor and mortality rates due to severe airborne pollution during communist times, as well as unsustainable forest management [37][38][39][40]. The conversion of uneven-aged, mixed species stands to spruce plantations in the 19th and 20th centuries [41] homogenized species composition and stand structure at the stand and landscape scales.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Remote Sensing and Inventory-Based Estimation of Biomass in the Western Carpathians

et al. 2011

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Understanding the potential of forest ecosystems as global carbon sinks requires a thorough knowledge of forest carbon dynamics, including both sequestration and fluxes among multiple pools. The accurate quantification of biomass is important to better understand forest productivity and carbon cycling dynamics. Stand-based inventories (SBIs) are widely used for quantifying forest characteristics and for estimating biomass, but information may quickly become outdated in dynamic forest environments. Satellite remote sensing may provide a supplement or substitute. We tested the accuracy of aboveground biomass estimates modeled from a combination of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery and topographic data, as well as SBI-derived variables in a Picea abies forest in the Western Carpathian Mountains. We employed Random Forests for non-parametric, regression tree-based modeling. Results indicated a difference in the importance of SBI-based and remote sensing-based predictors when estimating aboveground biomass. The most accurate models for biomass prediction ranged from a correlation coefficient of 0.52 for the TM-and topography-based model, to 0.98 for the inventory-based model. While Landsat-based biomass estimates were measurably less accurate than those derived from SBI, adding tree height or stand-volume as a field-based predictor to TM and topography-based models increased performance to 0.36 and 0.86, OPEN ACCESSRemote Sens. 2011, 3 1428 respectively. Our results illustrate the potential of spectral data to reveal spatial details in stand structure and ecological complexity.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Remote Sensing and Inventory-Based Estimation of Biomass in the Western Carpathians

et al. 2011

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“…European forests are distributed unevenly across the continent and are characterised by environmental, historic and economic heterogeneity. Eastern and Central European countries still have large and relatively undisturbed forests compared to Western European countries (Pretzsch et al 2014;Main-Knorn et al 2009). However, as a consequence of the demise of socialism, the patterns of forest cover change in Eastern and Central Europe have differed substantially compared to those of Western Europe in the last couple of decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and drivers of forest cover change in the post-socialist era in Croatia: evidence from a mixed-methods approach

2016

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Extensive forests in Croatia represent an important biological and economic resource in Europe. They are characterized by heterogeneity in forest management practices dating back to the socialist planned economy of the pre-1991 era. In this study we investigated the difference in rates of deforestation and reforestation in private and state owned forests during the post-socialist period, and the causal drivers of change. The selected region of Northern Croatia is characterised by a high percentage of privately owned forests with minimal national monitoring and control. We used a mixed-methods approach which combines remote sensing, statistical modelling and a household-based questionnaire survey to assess the rates of forest cover change and factors influencing those changes. The results show that predominantly privately owned forests in Northern Croatia have recorded a net forest loss of 1.8% during the 1991-2011 period, while Croatia overall is characterised by a 10% forest cover increase in predominantly state-owned forests. Main factors influencing forest cover changes in private forests are slope, altitude, education structure, population age and population density. The results also show that the deforestation in private forests is weakening overall, mostly due to the continuation of the de-agrarization and de-ruralisation processes which began during socialism.

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“…A decrease in spruce vitality in our experiment is most probably the result of the synergies of negative factors affecting the decline of spruce (cape et al 1990;Holuša 2004;Main-Knorn et al 2009;Čermák, Holuša 2011). The occurrence of Armillaria spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…norway spruce was a dominant commercial species in this region throughout the 20 th century. The second-or third-generation allochthonous spruce stands showed massive dieback at the end of the last century (Holuša 2004;Main-Knorn et al 2009). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many reasons for this dieback have been discussed, such as drought, nutrient availability, fungi, bark beetle and also emissions (cape et al 1990;oszlanyi 1997;Grabařová, Martinková 2001;Jankovský 2003;Hlásny, sitková 2010). one of the most affected regions in the czech republic is the sudetes Mountains and north Moravia (Holuša, liška 2002;Main-Knorn et al 2009;Šrámek et al 2015).…”

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Production and soil restoration effect of pioneer tree species in a region of allochthonous Norway spruce dieback

Martiník¹,

Adamec²,

Houška³

2017

J. For. Sci.

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Martiník A., Adamec Z., Houška J. (2017): Production and soil restoration effect of pioneer tree species in a region of allochthonous norway spruce dieback. J. for. sci., 63: 34-44. the paper analyses the growth, structure, production and soil chemistry of different tree species stands 20 years after allochthonous spruce dieback. the experiment was carried out at lower altitudes (300 m a.s.l.) at rich sites of the central europe region. norway spruce (Picea abies linnaeus) and beech (Fagus sylvatica linnaeus) stands established by artificial regeneration were compared with silver birch (Betula pendula roth), aspen (Populus tremula linnaeus) and birch-aspen stands, which were regenerated naturally. spruce stands showed a decrease of site index (site index 3), compared with the previous generation (site index 2). this leads to an expected lower production at the age of 100 years, compared to mature beech stands, which showed a site index of 1. the highest production (tree overbark volume) was found out in the aspen stand -294 m 3 ·ha -1 . the production (tree overbark volume) of other monoculture stands was comparable and reached 201-222 m 3 ·ha -1 . Most of the soil chemical characteristics under the compared stands (ca and Mg content, Al content and active and potential soil reaction) were significantly better under aspen and decreased in the following trend: birch -beech -spruce.

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How pollution legacies and land use histories shape post-communist forest cover trends in the Western Carpathians

Cited by 44 publications

References 57 publications

Evaluating the Remote Sensing and Inventory-Based Estimation of Biomass in the Western Carpathians

Evaluating the Remote Sensing and Inventory-Based Estimation of Biomass in the Western Carpathians

Characteristics and drivers of forest cover change in the post-socialist era in Croatia: evidence from a mixed-methods approach

Production and soil restoration effect of pioneer tree species in a region of allochthonous Norway spruce dieback

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