How plastic are upper thermal limits? A comparative study in tsetse (family: Glossinidae) and wider Diptera

Weaving, Hester; Terblanche, John S.; English, Sinead

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103745

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…Emergence dates were split between treatment groups as evenly as possible. These thermal treatments were chosen because a heatwave is defined as a minimum of 3 consecutive days with maximum temperatures above the daily 90th percentile temperature [ 1 ], and G. pallidipes CT max is around 43°C [ 33 , 49 ]. Air temperatures within and above this range are regularly experienced in the field, see e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flies were transferred into pipes by knocking them down using 8 μl of sevoflurane anaesthetic pipetted into the 50 ml conical tube through the drilled hole. Previous experiments have shown that sevoflurane does not affect tsetse mortality up to one week after admission [ 49 ], and is known to have limited off-target effects in Drosophila [ 55 ]. The hole was covered with cotton wool until flies were knocked down (around 2 min).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the effect of parent heatwave treatment on offspring CT max was assessed by a general linear model with Gaussian distribution and ‘identity’ link function. We included pupal mass as a factor, as size can affect CT max estimates in tsetse [ 49 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…R. Soc. B 291: 20232710 [1], and G. pallidipes CT max is around 43°C [33,49]. Air temperatures within and above this range are regularly experienced in the field, see e.g.…”

Section: (B) Heatwave Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heatwaves are detrimental to fertility in the viviparous tsetse fly

Weaving,

Terblanche,

English

2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Heatwaves are increasing in frequency and intensity due to climate change, pushing animals beyond physiological limits. While most studies focus on survival limits, sublethal effects on fertility tend to occur below lethal thresholds, and consequently can be as important for population viability. Typically, male fertility is more heat-sensitive than female fertility, yet direct comparisons are limited. Here, we measured the effect of experimental heatwaves on tsetse flies, Glossina pallidipes , disease vectors and unusual live-bearing insects of sub-Saharan Africa. We exposed males or females to a 3-day heatwave peaking at 36, 38 or 40°C for 2 h, and a 25°C control, monitoring mortality and reproduction over six weeks. For a heatwave peaking at 40°C, mortality was 100%, while a 38°C peak resulted in only 8% acute mortality. Females exposed to the 38°C heatwave experienced a one-week delay in producing offspring, whereas no such delay occurred in males. Over six weeks, heatwaves resulted in equivalent fertility loss in both sexes. Combined with mortality, this lead to a 10% population decline over six weeks compared to the control. Furthermore, parental heatwave exposure gave rise to a female-biased offspring sex ratio. Ultimately, thermal limits of both survival and fertility should be considered when assessing climate change vulnerability.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…R. Soc. B 291: 20232710 [1], and G. pallidipes CT max is around 43°C [33,49]. Air temperatures within and above this range are regularly experienced in the field, see e.g.…”

Section: (B) Heatwave Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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