How plasma induced oxidation, oxygenation, and de-oxygenation influences viability of skin cells

Abstract

The effect of oxidation, oxygenation, and de-oxygenation arising from He gas jet and He plasma jet treatments on the viability of skin cells cultured in vitro has been investigated. He gas jet treatment de-oxygenated cell culture medium in a process referred to as “sparging.” He plasma jet treatments oxidized, as well as oxygenated or de-oxygenated cell culture medium depending on the dissolved oxygen concentration at the time of treatment. He gas and plasma jets were shown to have beneficial or deleterious effects on skin cells depending on the concentration of dissolved oxygen and other oxidative molecules at the time of treatment. Different combinations of treatments with He gas and plasma jets can be used to modulate the concentrations of dissolved oxygen and other oxidative molecules to influence cell viability. This study highlights the importance of a priori knowledge of the concentration of dissolved oxygen at the time of plasma jet treatment, given the potential for significant impact on the biological or medical outcome. Monitoring and controlling the dynamic changes in dissolved oxygen is essential in order to develop effective strategies for the use of cold atmospheric plasma jets in biology and medicine.

The assessment of cold atmospheric plasma treatment of DNA in synthetic models of tissue fluid, tissue and cells

“…chronic wounds and cancers. It has been shown through in vitro cell studies and in vivo animal experiments that cold atmospheric plasma, herein referred to as plasma, might accelerate wound healing by stimulation of cell growth and migration [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], and also decontaminate infected wounds through targeted destruction of bacterial cells [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Similar results have been obtained in clinical studies where the efficacy of plasma in wound decontamination and healing has been demonstrated [23][24][25][26].…”

“…The cell stimulatory effect of plasma has also been explained by the plasma delivery of RONS to tissue fluid, tissue and cells [6,7]. Generally, if the dose or rate of delivery (flux) of RONS is kept low enough it is argued that RONS enhance cell proliferation.…”

“…But, if the dose/flux of RONS continues to increase, it will almost certainly cause significant cell damage, eventually leading to cell death. In skin cells it has been shown that plasma can have beneficial or deleterious effects depending on the dose and flux of RONS [6,7]. The stimulatory effect of plasma at low RONS doses and detrimental effect at high RONS doses have been described in terms of the principle of 'hormesis' [7,63,64]; a term commonly used for medical drugs where low doses are beneficial but high doses are not [65].…”

Tailoring the Chemistry of Plasma-Activated Water Using a DC-Pulse-Driven Non-Thermal Atmospheric-Pressure Helium Plasma Jet

“…Prominent positive peaks (above 0) were fitted for H 2 O 2 , NO 2 − , and NO 3 − , and were attributed to the plasma jets generating these molecules in the DI water. Negative peaks were fitted for O 2 , and were attributed to a decrease of the O 2 concentration in the DI water caused by the He gas flow from the plasma jets purging O 2 out of the DI water [34,38]. From the curve fitting results, we determined that the He plasma jet mainly produced H 2 O 2 in the range of 48.9-55. and 45 µs for the positive polarity plasma jet; whereas, for the negative polarity plasma jet, it increased from 1.5 to 10 µs and then remained relatively constant between 10 and 45 µs.…”

Tracking the Penetration of Plasma Reactive Species in Tissue Models

“…A subsequent development to the approach described above used gelatin and agarose model targets with either embedded chemical reporters, or simply as films through which plasma-generated RONS traverse, to measure RONS speciation and delivery into and through tissues [36,37,48,[51][52][53][54]. In the latter case, UV-Vis spectroscopy was used to identify RONS that traverse the targets.…”