How plants are trained to work for man, by Luther Burbank ... prefatory note by David Starr Jordan.

Burbank, Luther

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.21290

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Wild relatives and early landrace varieties have long been recognized as the essential pool of genetic variation that will drive the future of plant improvement (Bessey 1906; Burbank 1914). Early plant collections made by people such as Nikolai Vavilov (1887–1943) or Jack Harlan (1917–1998) inspired the international community to establish long-term collections of plant genetic resources that provide modern plant breeders with the material they need to creatively address the challenges of today (Box 1).…”

Section: Domestication—the Winnowing Of Natural Genetic Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If we keep our options open and learn to better utilize the reservoirs of natural variation that have been preserved in our gene banks and in the few remaining in situ populations of wild species and landrace varieties, an almost infinite array of novelty can be achieved using traditional, time-proven practices involving crossing and selection of genes that have withstood the test of evolutionary time (Burbank 1914; Hawkes 1958; Rick 1967; Harlan 1975, 1976; Peloquin 1983). By restricting the gene pool, we can readily channel a phenotype into a constrained and predictable outcome.…”

Section: Combining Breeding With Molecular Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversifying Selection in Plant Breeding

McCouch¹

2004

PLoS Biol

223

157

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Section: Domestication—the Winnowing Of Natural Genetic Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Combining Breeding With Molecular Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversifying Selection in Plant Breeding

McCouch¹

2004

PLoS Biol

223

157

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“…Rather, our evidence suggests that a single summary judgment rate across case types can be misleading, as Burbank suggested. 63 We do find a tendency for civil rights cases (including employment discrimination cases) and noncivil rights to have different rates of summary judgment, with rates tending to be higher in civil rights cases. And a statistically significant increase in summary judgment rates occurred over time in employment discrimination cases in the NDGA, while the EDPA trended in the opposite direction in such cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Summary Judgment Rates Over Time, Across Case Categories, and Across Districts: An Empirical Study of Three Large Federal Districts

Eisenberg

Lanvers²

2008

SSRN Journal

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Prior research on summary judgment hypothesizes a substantial increase in summary judgment rates after a trilogy of Supreme Court cases in 1986 and a disproportionate adverse effect of summary judgment on civil rights cases. This article analyzes summary judgment rates in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania (EDPA) and the Northern District of Georgia (NDGA), for two time periods, 1980-81 and 2001-02. It also analyzes summary judgment rates for the Central District of California (CDCA) for 1980-81 and for other civil rights cases in the CDCA in 1975-76. The combined sample consists of over 5,000 cases. The three-district sample for 1980-81 had an overall summary judgment rate of 4.5%. The summary judgment rate increased from 6.5% to7.0% in the two-district EDPA and NDGA sample from 1980-81 to 2001-02, a statistically insignificant difference. The pattern was inconsistent across case categories. For contract, tort, and a residual category of other noncivil rights cases, there was no evidence of a significant increase in summary judgment rates over time. Interdistrict differences were not dramatic in these three areas except that NDGA had a higher rate of summary judgment in tort and contract cases than did EDPA. The most striking effect was the approximate doubling-to almost 25%-of the NDGA summary judgment rate in employment discrimination cases and a substantial increase in the NDGA summary judgment rate in other civil rights cases. Subject to the limitation that both time periods studied are removed in time from the Supreme Court's 1986 summary judgment trilogy, the only strong evidence in this study of a post-trilogy increase is in NDGA employment discrimination cases. Civil rights cases had consistently higher summary judgment rates than noncivil rights cases and summary judgment rates were modest in noncivil rights cases.

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“…198 In Agrospatiale, however, the Court did treat the Evidence Convention like an ordinary federal statute by refusing seriously to engage the Convention's policies out of concern for the integrity of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. 1 99 One attitude that emerges from the opinions is a determination to preserve as much domestic procedural law as possible, particularly if it reposes in the Federal Rules.…”

Section: Seementioning

confidence: 99%

The Reluctant Partner: Making Procedural Law for International Civil Litigation

Burbank¹

1994

Law and Contemporary Problems

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How plants are trained to work for man, by Luther Burbank ... prefatory note by David Starr Jordan.

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Diversifying Selection in Plant Breeding

Diversifying Selection in Plant Breeding

Summary Judgment Rates Over Time, Across Case Categories, and Across Districts: An Empirical Study of Three Large Federal Districts

The Reluctant Partner: Making Procedural Law for International Civil Litigation

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