How pervasive is biotic homogenization in human‐modified tropical forest landscapes?

Solar, Ricardo; Barlow, Jos; Ferreira, Joice; Berenguer, Erika; Lees, Alexander Charles; Thomson, James Robertson; Louzada, Júlio; Maués, M. M.; Moura, Nárgila; Oliveira, Victor Hugo Fonseca; Chaul, Júlio Cesar Mario; Schoereder, José H.; Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães; Nally, Ralph Mac; Gardner, Toby

doi:10.1111/ele.12494

Cited by 259 publications

(258 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(149 reference statements)

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“…With respect to seasonal effects, ant species richness was higher in the dry season (25 ant species) than in the wet season (17,8 ant species) (F = 13.06; p = 0.001). β-diversity was significantly higher in the intermediate and late stages of succession (Deviance = 23.661; p < 0.001; Fig 2D), which may be a response to floristic differentiation along succession process (Solar et al, 2015).…”

Section: Ant Species Richnessmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In addition, the diversity of ants has been positively related to habitat complexity, as ant species richness increases with habitat heterogeneity and the availability of resources in tropical forests (Ribas et al, 2003;Ribas & Schoereder, 2007;Klimes et al, 2012). It is expected that land-use intensification of TDF may result in higher biotic homogenization (Solar et al, 2015), which will in turn, decrease β-diversity among forests within each succession stage.…”

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Ant Assemblage Structure in a Secondary Tropical Dry Forest: The Role of Ecological Succession and Seasonality

et al. 2017

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This study identified the main biological mechanisms governing the diversity of ants on different ecological time scales. Ants were sampled in 15 plots distributed in early, intermediate and late stages of succession (five plots per stage) at the Parque Estadual da Mata Seca, Brazil. At each sample point, unbaited pitfall traps were installed in hypogaeic, epigaeic and arboreal strata. We collected 95 ant species from 26 genera and nine subfamilies. Our results indicated that there was an increase in species richness in advanced stages of succession. We also observed that ant assemblages were different among successional stages. For the arboreal and epigaeic strata, species richness did not change with succession progression, but species composition of these two strata differed among successional stages. Unlike to arboreal and epigaeic ants, hypogaiec ant species richness was higher in the intermediate and late stages of succession and the composition of hypogaeic ants differed among successional stages. Similarity between ant species foraging in arboreal and epigaeic strata decreases with succession progression and β-diversity was higher in advanced successional stages. Additionally, species richness was higher in the dry season, whereas the composition of ant assemblages did not change between seasons. A considerable fraction of the ant assemblage was found only in advanced stages of succession, demonstrating the importance of secondary habitats in maintaining biodiversity in dry forests.

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Section: Ant Species Richnessmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Ant Assemblage Structure in a Secondary Tropical Dry Forest: The Role of Ecological Succession and Seasonality

et al. 2017

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“…Intensive pasture and mechanized agriculture usually erode beta-diversity 150 compared to natural habitats and wildlife-friendly agriculture, as the spatially uniform conditions within intensive farmland are tolerable to only a small subset of abundant native species [24,25,49]. For example, Japanese larch plantations have homogeneous leaf-litter compared to natural forests, and thus lower beta-diversity among litter-dwelling invertebrates [50].…”

Section: Farming Tree Plantations and Selective Loggingmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Should Beta-Diversity Inform Biodiversity Conservation?

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Kunin

et al. 2016

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

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20To design robust protected area networks, accurately measure species losses, or understand the processes that maintain species diversity, conservation science must consider the organization of biodiversity in space. Central is beta-diversity-the component of regional diversity that accumulates from compositional differences between local species assemblages. We review how beta-diversity is impacted by 25 human activities, including farming, selective-logging, urbanisation, species invasions, overhunting, and climate change. Beta-diversity increases, decreases or remains unchanged by these impacts, depending on the balance of processes that cause species composition to become more different (biotic heterogenization) or more similar (biotic homogenization) between sites. While maintaining high beta-30 diversity is not always a desirable conservation outcome, understanding betadiversity is essential for protecting regional diversity and can directly assist conservation planning.

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“…The resulting loss and degradation of primary forests typically reduces species richness, and increases biological homogenization, across a wide range of taxonomic groups [7][8][9][10][11]. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that the raw number and even heterogeneity of species surviving in communities may be poor indices of functional aspects of biodiversity [12,13], including the trophic interactions needed to maintain recruitment and gene flow in rainforest trees [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using avian functional traits to assess the impact of land-cover change on ecosystem processes linked to resilience in tropical forests

et al. 2016

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Vertebrates perform key roles in ecosystem processes via trophic interactions with plants and insects, but the response of these interactions to environmental change is difficult to quantify in complex systems, such as tropical forests. Here, we use the functional trait structure of Amazonian forest bird assemblages to explore the impacts of land-cover change on two ecosystem processes: seed dispersal and insect predation. We show that trait structure in assemblages of frugivorous and insectivorous birds remained stable after primary forests were subjected to logging and fire events, but that further intensification of human land use substantially reduced the functional diversity and dispersion of traits, and resulted in communities that occupied a different region of trait space. These effects were only partially reversed in regenerating secondary forests. Our findings suggest that local extinctions caused by the loss and degradation of tropical forest are non-random with respect to functional traits, thus disrupting the network of trophic interactions regulating seed dispersal by forest birds and herbivory by insects, with important implications for the structure and resilience of human-modified tropical forests. Furthermore, our results illustrate how quantitative functional traits for specific guilds can provide a range of metrics for estimating the contribution of biodiversity to ecosystem processes, and the response of such processes to land-cover change

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How pervasive is biotic homogenization in human‐modified tropical forest landscapes?

Cited by 259 publications

References 51 publications

Ant Assemblage Structure in a Secondary Tropical Dry Forest: The Role of Ecological Succession and Seasonality

Ant Assemblage Structure in a Secondary Tropical Dry Forest: The Role of Ecological Succession and Seasonality

How Should Beta-Diversity Inform Biodiversity Conservation?

Using avian functional traits to assess the impact of land-cover change on ecosystem processes linked to resilience in tropical forests

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