How Obelisks Were Constructed, Moved, Shaped, and Erected in the Ancient Egypt

Abstract

An entirely new feasible theory is presented about how they constructed, moved, shaped, and erected obelisks in ancient Egypt around 1500 BC. In particular, we propose two simple ways to erect obelisks, inspired by the historical fact that all of obelisks were originally erected "in pairs," except the single "Lateran" obelisk. Our aim is to "excavate" ancient Egyptian methods to raise heavy high obelisks, using only the most primitive means including forerunners of pulley, but excluding further mechanical devices, like capstan or winch, which were employed in most cases of re-erection and re-location of obelisk outside of Egypt.

Wooden Rockers Were Open Mould for Mudbrick or Concrete Ones

“…We proposed our new idea that the excavated wooden rockers are open mould to produce solid rockers, and this idea naturally stemmed from our former papers, (Kato, 2020) and (Kato, 2021), where "rocker made of stone" was introduced as one of important means to maneuver heavy stones. Seeking an alternative way of making it, rather than chamfering from a stone, we got the idea of moulding mudbrick or concrete rocker.…”

“…In our former papers, (Kato, 2020) and (Kato, 2021), we have already introduced "rocker made of stone" like Figure 7 which we assumed to be obtained by chamfering a stone of cuboid. In (Kato, 2020) we described it as "trapezoidal prism" and showed how such a trapezoidal prism can be used in rotating or in turning a heavy stone (Kato, 2020).…”

“…In (Kato, 2020) we described it as "trapezoidal prism" and showed how such a trapezoidal prism can be used in rotating or in turning a heavy stone (Kato, 2020). Further, in (Kato, 2021) we employed such rocker as one of principal means to maneuver heavy long obelisks (Kato, 2021). We note Fonte (Fonte, 1998) called such a rocker of semicylinder "quarter circle" and showed how it could be used in rotating a heavy stone by placing its flat side on the ground.…”