How much stress is needed to increase vulnerability to psychosis? A community assessment of psychic experiences (CAPE) evaluation 10 months after an earthquake in L’Aquila (Italy)

Rossi, Alessandro; Tommaso, Silvia Di; Stratta, Paolo; Riccardi, Ilaria; Daneluzzo, E.

doi:10.1007/s00406-011-0258-7

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…and raises concerns about the state of the public mental health of adolescent earthquake survivors. This finding was in line with other trauma studies that found a direct connection between trauma severity and the level of psychoticism experienced by victims (Keraite et al, 2016) and also confirmed earlier studies which found that natural disaster experiences were related to psychotic symptoms in adolescents and young adults (Rossi et al, 2013;Rossi, Di Tommaso, Stratta, Riccardi, & Daneluzzo, 2012). Therefore, this study confirmed that natural disaster traumatic event exposure may be associated with the development of PSEs, and that negative life events and abuse combined with natural disaster experience can have a dose-response effect and exacerbate PLEs (Hill, 1965), which was found to be independent of age, gender or other psychosocial factors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Psychotic‐like experiences in Chinese children and adolescents: The effect of earthquake exposure, maltreatment and negative life events

Tang

Yang

et al. 2020

Early Intervention Psych

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Aim: Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are common in adolescents who have experienced or are experiencing trauma. However, the potential relationships between exposure to a major earthquake, negative life events or maltreatment and PLEs in Chinese adolescents are poorly understood. Therefore, this study explored the prevalence of PLEs and the psychosocial correlates in adolescent earthquake survivors.Methods: A total of 6132 adolescents from 11 primary and high schools in the areas most severely affected by the Ya'an earthquake completed questionnaires on earthquake exposure, maltreatment, negative life events and PLEs, which included paranoid ideation and psychoticism.Results: It was found that earthquake exposure significantly contributed to the PLEs, child maltreatment explained a significant amount of the PLE variances, emotional abuse had the most important PLE role and negative life events also explained a large amount of the PLE variances, of which interpersonal difficulties and academic pressure had the greatest effects.Conclusions: Interventions should seek to reduce parental emotional abuse, reduce academic performance pressure, improve interpersonal skills and resolve interpersonal difficulties, and specific interventions should target children and adolescents exposed to the earthquake to prevent PLEs, schizophrenia or other mental illnesses arising from multiple traumas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Psychotic‐like experiences in Chinese children and adolescents: The effect of earthquake exposure, maltreatment and negative life events

Tang

Yang

et al. 2020

Early Intervention Psych

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“…Long term effects of natural disasters, such as the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake, on PLEs are mostly unknown. We unexpectedly found lower levels of PLEs in affected adolescents compared to non-affected ones right after the EQ (13). In this study, we explored the effects on PLEs 10 years after an earthquake in a University student sample.…”

Section: Summary Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…We reported on the prevalence of PLEs in a group of adolescents 10 months after the 2009 EQ. Unexpectedly, lower rates of PLEs in persons affected by the EQ, compared to nonaffected persons were found (13), with marginal associations between post-traumatic symptoms and PLEs (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ResilienCity: Resilience and Psychotic-Like Experiences 10 Years After L’Aquila Earthquake

et al. 2020

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An earthquake hit the city of L'Aquila in central Italy in 2009, leaving the city completely destroyed and 309 casualties. Unexpectedly, lower rates of psychotic experiences in persons affected by the earthquake compared to non-affected persons were found 10 months after the earthquake. The very long-term impact of a natural disaster on the prevalence of psychotic experiences deserves more in-depth detailing. The Authors examined resilience and psychotic experiences in a university student sample of 494. No effect of direct exposure to the earthquake (odds ratio = 0.64, 95%CI [0.37, 1.11]), material damages (odds ratio = 0.86, 95%CI [0.60, 1.23]), psychological suffering (odds ratio = 1.06, 95% CI [0.83, 1.36]), or global impact severity (odds ratio = 0.92, 95%CI [0.76, 1.12]) on psychotic experiences was detected. Resilience levels did not differ between affected and non-affected persons. Resilience showed a strong protective effect on psychotic experiences (odds ratio=0.38, 95% CI [0.28, 0.51]. The protective effect of the RSA factor "Perception of Self" was significantly stronger in individuals affected by the earthquake compared to non-affected subjects. Being affected by an earthquake is not a risk factor for psychotic experiences in a university student sample, as no direct effect of the earthquake was detected after 10 years after the event. Resilience is confirmed as a strong protective factor for psychotic experiences irrespectively of large collective traumatic events. Extension of these results to a general population sample could provide interesting insights into recovery from natural disasters.

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“…Since psychosocial stress is included in most etiological models of mental disorder and severe stress can induce symptoms of mental disorder and interact with vulnerability factors, high school students who survived the earthquake have been evaluated comparing them with a previously obtained database of comparison subjects (Rossi et al, 2011). The questionnaire administered to the student population was the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE), widely used to assess the frequency of clinical symptoms and symptom-related distress severity in a general population (Spauwen, Krabbendam, Lieb, Wittchen, van Os, 2006).…”

Section: Young Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health issues after the L`aquila (Italy) earthquake.

et al. 2012

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The authors describe the psychological consequences of the April 2009 earthquake on L'Aquila population through a revision of the published literature. This population suffered from important psychological distress but capacity of resilience has been relevant. Resilient mechanisms intervened in aftermath of the earthquake but the long-lasting alterations of the social networks need to be monitored. After the first physical, medical and emergency response, identification of psychological distress symptoms is useful in guiding public health efforts in the aftermath of disasters.

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How much stress is needed to increase vulnerability to psychosis? A community assessment of psychic experiences (CAPE) evaluation 10 months after an earthquake in L’Aquila (Italy)

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Psychotic‐like experiences in Chinese children and adolescents: The effect of earthquake exposure, maltreatment and negative life events

Psychotic‐like experiences in Chinese children and adolescents: The effect of earthquake exposure, maltreatment and negative life events

ResilienCity: Resilience and Psychotic-Like Experiences 10 Years After L’Aquila Earthquake

Mental health issues after the L`aquila (Italy) earthquake.

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