SummaryGenetic and epigenetic alterations contribute to the biological and clinical characteristics of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), but a role for socioeconomic environment remains unclear. Here, socioeconomic status (SES) for 283 MDS patients was estimated using the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation tool. Indices were assigned to quintile categorical indicators ranked from SES1 (lowest) to SES5 (highest). Clinicopathological features and outcomes between SES quintiles containing 15%, 20%, 19%, 30% and 16% of patients were compared. Prognostic scores identified lower-risk MDS in 82% of patients, with higher-risk disease in 18%.SES quintiles did not associate with age, gender, cytogenetics, IPSS, or in subanalysis (n=95), driver mutations. The odds ratio of a diagnosis of RA was greater than other MDS sub-types in SES5 (OR 1.9, p=0.024). Most patients (91%) exclusively received supportive care. SES did not associate with leukaemictransformation or the cause of death. Cox regression models confirmed male gender (p<0.05), disease-risk (p<0.0001) and age (p<0.01) as independent predictors of leukaemia-free survival, with leukaemic-transformation an additional determinant of overall survival (p=0.07). Thus, if access to healthcare is equitable, SES does not determine disease biology or survival in MDS patients receiving supportive treatment; whether outcomes following disease-modifying therapies are influenced by SES requires additional studies.