How much light is antidepressant?

Wirz‐Justice, Anna; Bucheli, C.; Graw, Peter; Kielholz, P; Fisch, Hans-Ulrich; Woggon, B

doi:10.1016/0165-1781(86)90044-2

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Results revealed that 13-17% of relatives had SAD (Lam et al, 1989;Thompson & Isaacs, 1988;Wirz-Justice et al, 1986), compared to 1.4-9.7% SAD in the general population (Rosen et al, 1990). Twenty five to 67% of relatives had nonseasonal mood disorders (Lam et al, 1989;Thompson & Isaacs, 1988; Seasonal Affective Disorder and Melanopsin Japanese cohort demonstrated no familial association with seasonality of depression symptoms, but a significant correlation between spouses' seasonality, indicating possible social influences on the expression of seasonal patterns of behavior (Sasaki, Sakamoto, Akaho, Nakajima, & Takahashi, 1998).…”

Section: Family Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of family members of individuals with SAD in multiple areas (i.e., Canada, Britain, and Switzerland) found prevalence rates for SAD and other mood disorders among first-degree relatives (Lam, Buchanan, & Remick, 1989;Thompson & Isaacs, 1988;Wirz-Justice et al, 1986). Results revealed that 13-17% of relatives had SAD (Lam et al, 1989;Thompson & Isaacs, 1988;Wirz-Justice et al, 1986), compared to 1.4-9.7% SAD in the general population (Rosen et al, 1990).…”

Section: Family Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Melanopsin Polymorphisms in Seasonal Affective Disorder

Roecklein¹

2005

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Section: Family Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Family Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanopsin Polymorphisms in Seasonal Affective Disorder

Roecklein¹

2005

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…They suggested that chronobiological sleep and mood disorder should be " phase typed" into either a phase-advance subtype or a phase delayed subtype and that these dis orders should be treated with either even ing light for phase-advance disorders or morning light for phase-delayed disorders. However, Wirz-Justice et al (1986) recently described improvement of SAD patients to light treatment irregardless of intensity.…”

Section: Controls Baseline Depressed Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapy for Sleep Disorders in Depressives

Saletu¹

1986

Psychopathology

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The treatment of sleep disorders in depressives depends basically on the nature of the underlying affective disorder (endogenous, organic, psychogenic or constitutional depression). Therapeutic approaches may be categorized in: 1) psychological, 2) somatic and 3) pharmacological ones. The former include psychotherapies and behavioral treatments which are useful in psychogenic and constitutional depressions with sleep-onset insomnia but may also be supportive in endogenous depressions. The basic therapeutic factor common to all is anxiety reduction. Somatic therapies, such as ECT, total, partial and REM-sleep deprivation, sleep schedule shifts and bright light (BL) are utilized mostly in endogenous depressions. Sleep laboratory findings and different hypotheses concerning the mode of action of these alternative treatment methods are reviewed. Somnopolygraphic, psychometric, and neuroendocrinological data of our comparative trial with BL and partial sleep deprivation in normals and patients are discussed. The similarity of changes after BL, antidepressants and lithium points to a chronobiological factor in the pathogenesis and treatment of affective disorders. Electrosleep is still controversial, hydro-, ergo- and physical therapy are supportive therapies and as such indicated in all depressions. Exercise, fatigue and nutritional factors may influence sleep. Psychopharmacological treatment has to be regarded as the most important therapeutic approach for sleep disorders in depressives. Antidepressants are the drugs of choice for most patients. Based on their effects on sleep-induction, -maintenance, and -architecture and REM measures, one may differentiate at least two subtypes: sedative antidepressants of the amitriptyline type and nonsedative antidepressants of the desipra-mine type. Bedtime infusions of antidepressants may have sleep promoting properties, which was objectivated by an EEG spectral analysis during infusion and subsequently by all night sleep studies. Measures indicative of therapeutic outcome are still controversial. Tranquilizers, hypnotics, neuroleptics and serotonin precursors are utilized if the antidepressants alone do not ameliorate insomnia. However, as evidence of a shared diathesis of origin of depressive and anxiety disorders is building up, benzodiazepines are increasingly prescribed as monotherapy too. Finally, sleep laboratory data concerning the hypnotic properties of a pharmacological 80 mg dosis of melatonin are demonstrated.

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“…Mood can be elevated in some normal subjects by sufficient light [26,28]. There is little evidence that light is o f therapeutic value in other m ajor depres sive disorders [21,28,29], but further care ful studies are needed.…”

Section: Placebo Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further studies are needed to separate out the factors of light duration (high doses may be effective even at an insensitive cir cadian phase such as noon) and circadian receptivity (minimal effective dose). There do appear to be individual dose-response relationships [15,25,26].…”

Section: B Light Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Therapy for Depression: Present Status, Problems, and Perspectives

Wirz‐Justice

1986

Psychopathology

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Bright white light (WL) improves depressive symptomatology in seasonal affective disorders (SAD). Different dosage regimens are effective: photoperiod extension (3, 2, or 1 hr WL at dawn and dusk); morning only (2, 1, or ½ hr); midday only (4 or 2 hr); and evening only (5 or 2 hr). Late evening WL may be deleterious. The placebo effect of WL has not yet been adequately resolved. Only SAD patients and not major depressive disorders have responded to WL. The mechanism of action of WL is unknown: however melatonin does not appear to play a major role.

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How much light is antidepressant?

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Melanopsin Polymorphisms in Seasonal Affective Disorder

Melanopsin Polymorphisms in Seasonal Affective Disorder

Therapy for Sleep Disorders in Depressives

Light Therapy for Depression: Present Status, Problems, and Perspectives

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