How much infrastructure is required to support decent mobility for all? An exploratory assessment

Virág, Doris; Wiedenhofer, Dominik; Baumgart, André; Matej, Sarah; Krausmann, Fridolin; Min, Jihoon; Rao, Narasimha D.; Haberl, Helmut

doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107511

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The comparison with our estimated stock is therefore not direct. High-class roads for which we obtained 121 Gt can be compared with Virág et al’s estimation 16 of 133 Gt. For low-class roads, we obtained 133 Gt while Virág et al 16 estimated 146 Gt comprising gravel roads.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…High-class roads for which we obtained 121 Gt can be compared with Virág et al’s estimation 16 of 133 Gt. For low-class roads, we obtained 133 Gt while Virág et al 16 estimated 146 Gt comprising gravel roads. Despite a different scope, the estimations are still within the same order of magnitude.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…57 We compare our results with literature. Viraǵ et al 16 and Wiedenhofer et al 58 estimated the global road material stock to be of 294 Gt (including tunnels, bridges, and gravel roads). The comparison with our estimated stock is therefore not direct.…”

Section: Multivariable Regression Analysis Of Materials Stock In Urba...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a literature review of Material Flow Analysis (MFA) of road networks by Ebrahimi et al, 14 16 studies are collected and only one study is on a global scale but adopts a top-down approach by estimating the material stock in roads using bitumen production as a proxy. 15 To the best of our knowledge, only the study from Viraǵ et al 16 provides a bottom-up estimate of road material stock at the global scale. There is therefore room for further research on road material stock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 15 To the best of our knowledge, only the study from Virág et al. 16 provides a bottom-up estimate of road material stock at the global scale. There is therefore room for further research on road material stock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Material Stock and Embodied Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Global and Urban Road Pavement

Rousseau

Kloostra

AzariJafari

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Roads play a key role in movements of goods and people but require large amounts of materials emitting greenhouse gases to be produced. This study assesses the global road material stock and the emissions associated with materials’ production. Our bottom-up approach combines georeferenced paved road segments with road length statistics and archetypical geometric characteristics of roads. We estimate road material stock to be of 254 Gt. If we were to build these roads anew, raw material production would emit 8.4 GtCO2-eq. Per capita stocks range from 0.2 t/cap in Chad to 283 t/cap in Iceland, with a median of 20.6 t/cap. If the average per capita stock in Africa was to reach the current European level, 166 Gt of road materials, equivalent to the road material stock in North America and in East and South Asia, would be consumed. At the urban scale, road material stock increases with the urban area, population density, and GDP per capita, emphasizing the need for containing urban expansion. Our study highlights the challenges in estimating road material stock and serves as a basis for further research into infrastructure resource management.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Multivariable Regression Analysis Of Materials Stock In Urba...mentioning

confidence: 99%