How mobile are protons in the structure of dental glass ionomer cements?

Benetti, Ana Raquel; Jacobsen, J. C.; Lehnhoff, Benedict; Momsen, N.C.R.; Okhrimenko, Denis V.; Telling, Mark; Kardjilov, Nikolay; Ströbl, Markus; Seydel, Tilo; Manke, Ingo; Bordallo, Heloisa N.

doi:10.1038/srep08972

Cited by 30 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The design of the in situ 2 D radiography cell (radio‐cell) and a schematic illustration of the synchrotron setup are illustrated in Figure , along with a photograph of the radio‐cell. Figure S1 in the Supporting Information shows a projection image of the Li electrode/separator/Sn electrode assembly within the cell obtained after the synchrotron X‐ray measurements using a laboratory micro X‐ray source . A weight ratio of Sn/C/Binder of 60:30:10 was used to prevent possible particle overlapping in the radiographs.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure S1 in the Supporting Information shows ap rojection image of the Li electrode/separator/Sn electrode assembly within the cell obtaineda fter the synchrotron X-ray measurementsu sing al aboratory micro X-ray source. [11] Aw eight ratio of Sn/C/Binder of 60:30:10 was used to preventp ossible particle overlappingi nt he radiographs.M ore detailso ft he cell and the measurement procedure are described in the Experimental Sectiona nd SupportingI nformation. After assembling the radio-cell, cyclic voltammetry (CV) was performed to verify the reduction and oxidation characteristicso fS n, as shown in Fig Figure S2 ba re in good agreement with previously reported Sn/C composite LIBs.…”

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confidence: 99%

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In Situ Radiographic Investigation of (De)Lithiation Mechanisms in a Tin‐Electrode Lithium‐Ion Battery

et al. 2016

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The lithiation and delithiation mechanisms of multiple‐Sn particles in a customized flat radiography cell were investigated by in situ synchrotron radiography. For the first time, four (de)lithiation phenomena in a Sn‐electrode battery system are highlighted: 1) the (de)lithiation behavior varies between different Sn particles, 2) the time required to lithiate individual Sn particles is markedly different from the time needed to discharge the complete battery, 3) electrochemical deactivation of originally electrochemically active particles is reported, and 4) a change of electrochemical behavior of individual particles during cycling is found and explained by dynamic changes of (de)lithiation pathways amongst particles within the electrode. These unexpected findings fundamentaly expand the understanding of the underlying (de)lithiation mechanisms inside commercial lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and would open new design principles for high‐performance next‐generation LIBs.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

In Situ Radiographic Investigation of (De)Lithiation Mechanisms in a Tin‐Electrode Lithium‐Ion Battery

et al. 2016

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“…[32] On the other hand, the microstructure of the ZI is tailored as a sequence of the acid-base setting reaction. Thus, the included water that primarily exists as a solvent, together with the water delivered by the reaction, may accumulate into ultrafine globules during and after setting and eventually diffuse through the set cement leaving behind pores [33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Thermo-mechanical Cyclic Stresses on Flexural Strength of Two Aesthetic Restoratives with Modified Filler Systems

Bahgat¹,

Alshaia²,

Abdullah³

et al. 2019

SJODR

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Background: Numerous restorations have been used in dentistry to substitute the lost natural tooth structure. In attempts to improve the mechanical properties of glass ionomer, a nano-zirconia reinforced glass ionomer was introduced. The aim of the study was to compare the impact of cyclic stresses on flexural strength of two aesthetics restorative materials. Materials and methods: A nano-hybrid composite resin and a nano-zirconia reinforced glass ionomer were used in this study. A total of 80 specimens, 40 for each restorative were fabricated. In each group, 10 specimens were assigned for each aging condition as following; control, thermo-cyclic stresses, mechanical-cyclic stresses and combined thermomechanical cyclic stresses. Then the specimens were submitted to 3-point loading test using the Universal Testing Machine. Results: In all test conditions, nano-hybrid composite resin showed statistically significant higher mean flexural strength than nano-zirconia reinforced glass ionomer (61.1MPa SD ±17.3, 24.2 MPa SD ± 9.9 P-value <0.001). The control condition showed the highest statistically significant mean flexural strength (59.4 MPa SD± 26.8, P-value<0.001), while the combined condition showed the lowest statistically significant mean of flexural strength (29.7 MPa, SD±15.9, P-value <0.001). Conclusions: Nano-hybrid composite showed superior performance than zirconia reinforced glass ionomer when subjected to cyclic stresses; either thermal, mechanical or combined.

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“…During the hydration process the bonding states of water can be distinguished as free, constrained and chemically bound water [14]. Because the neutron signal is largely dominated by hydrogen, the observed immobile molecules are mostly representative of the chemically bound water [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of activation kinetics in geopolymer paste using quasielastic neutron scattering

Kupwade‐Patil

Diallo

Hossain

et al. 2016

Construction and Building Materials

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h i g h l i g h t sQuasielastic neutron scattering analysis in geopolymer paste. Activation kinetics is affected by temperature and molarity of the activator. QENS is effective in studying the alkali-activation process in geopolymer cements. a b s t r a c tQuasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) has been used to investigate the binding process of water molecules in pastes of calcium geopolymer prepared with low and high calcium fly ash contents, and at two different NaOH molarities, 10 and 14 M. The in situ measurements were carried at ambient and elevated curing temperatures (60°C). By carefully monitoring the time evolution of the elastic peak intensity, we infer a gelation process, followed by polymerization and a hardening in the high calcium geopolymer paste at 60°C, in agreement with previously proposed geopolymerization model. This behavior was neither observed at ambient temperature in both low and high calcium geopolymer cement paste, within the precision of the neutron instrument. Our study clearly shows that a minimal amount of heat is necessary to form gelation and polymerization during the activation process. The activation of geopolymer paste with high NaOH molarity involves more chemically bound water molecules than that at lower activator concentration. This work shows that the QENS technique can be effectively used to characterize the alkali-activation kinetics in certain geopolymer pastes, and that temperature and molarity of the activator play a vital role in controlling the gel mechanism.

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How mobile are protons in the structure of dental glass ionomer cements?

Cited by 30 publications

References 58 publications

In Situ Radiographic Investigation of (De)Lithiation Mechanisms in a Tin‐Electrode Lithium‐Ion Battery

In Situ Radiographic Investigation of (De)Lithiation Mechanisms in a Tin‐Electrode Lithium‐Ion Battery

Effect of Thermo-mechanical Cyclic Stresses on Flexural Strength of Two Aesthetic Restoratives with Modified Filler Systems

Investigation of activation kinetics in geopolymer paste using quasielastic neutron scattering

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