How Matter Is Created in VSL Theory?

This work re-derives and discusses non-Lorentz invariant Variable Speed of Light (VSL) theories in the context of cosmological problems. Following a thorough introduction to the subject, an explicit solution demonstrating a possible dependence of the speed of light on the cosmological scale factor is presented and analyzed. The parameters of the initial ansatz, c(t) = c0an, are constrained by requiring the VSL formulation to be a solution to the flatness and horizon problems. The theoretical section is concluded with a derivation of the change of entropy in a VSL Universe. Even though such findings imply that the speed of light can vary only in non-flat spacetime, an adapted approach using the Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamics is shown to loosen this restriction. Further, in the experimental section, recent evidence for a temporally varying fine structure constant at ≈ 4σ significance is presented as a potential test for the Variable Speed of Light hypothesis. Overall, this work introduces and evaluates many aspects of non-Lorentz invariant VSL theories whilst encouraging future research and serving as a largely self-sufficient comprehensive overview paper.

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Nonlinearity of Electrodynamics as a Source of Matter Creation in a Flat FRW Cosmology

Câmara

Carvalho

Maia

2007

Int. J. Mod. Phys. D

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The thermodynamics of cosmological matter creation has been extensively investigated in the literature. In the context of general relativity, the particle production in the cosmological models is due to mechanisms such as an imperfect fluid with bulk viscosity or the decaying vacuum. Another interesting proposal is matter creation in cosmologies with variation of fundamental constants. In this work, we study the nonlinearity of the electrodynamics as a source of matter creation in cosmological models with flat Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) line geometry. We write the energy conservation law arising from Einstein field equations with cosmological term Λ, solve the field equations, and study how particles are created as the magnetic field B changes with cosmic epoch. We obtain solutions for the adiabatic particle creation rate, the total number of particles, and the scale factor as a function of time in three cases: Λ = 0, Λ = constant and Λ ∝ H2 (cosmological term proportional to the Hubble parameter). We find the constraints imposed by the second law of thermodynamics upon the cosmological solutions.

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How Matter Is Created in VSL Theory?

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Explaining the accelerated expansion of the Universe by particle creation

Explaining the accelerated expansion of the Universe by particle creation

A review of non-Lorentz invariant variable speed of light theories

Nonlinearity of Electrodynamics as a Source of Matter Creation in a Flat FRW Cosmology

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