“…The depth-four model [1], the Boson Sampling model [2], the IQP model [3,4], the one-clean qubit model [5,6,7,8,9], the HC1Q model [10], and the random circuit model [11,12,13] are known examples. These results prohibit only polynomial-time classical sampling, but recently, impossibilities of some exponential-time classical simulations have been shown based on classical fine-grained complexity conjectures [14,15,16,17,18,19].…”