How Macrolide Antibiotics Work

Vázquez‐Laslop, Nora; Mankin, Alexander S.

doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2018.06.011

Cited by 247 publications

(215 citation statements)

References 94 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

187

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Macrolides, a polyketide class of natural products that consist of a large macrocyclic lactone ring, are typically used to treat infections caused by β-haemolytic streptococci, pneumococci, staphylococci, and enterococci, having a slightly wider antimicrobial spectrum than penicillin [53,54]. Macrolides prevent peptidyl transferase from adding the growing peptide attached to tRNA to the next amino acid and can inhibit ribosomal translation by reversibly binding to the P site on the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome [55]. Side effects include myopathy, long QT syndrome, enterohepatic recycling, and cholestasis [54].…”

Section: Macrolidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Antibiotics/Antimicrobial Agents on Dental Caries

Qiu

Zhou

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dental caries is the most common oral disease. The bacteriological aetiology of dental caries promotes the use of antibiotics or antimicrobial agents to prevent this type of oral infectious disease. Antibiotics have been developed for more than 80 years since Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928, and systemic antibiotics have been used to treat dental caries for a long time. However, new types of antimicrobial agents have been developed to fight against dental caries. The purpose of this review is to focus on the application of systemic antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents with respect to their clinical use to date, including the history of their development, and their side effects, uses, structure types, and molecular mechanisms to promote a better understanding of the importance of microbial interactions in dental plaque and combinational treatments.

show abstract

Section: Macrolidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Antibiotics/Antimicrobial Agents on Dental Caries

Qiu

Zhou

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interestingly, in the molecular cluster of surfactins, there were some ions (m/z 980, 1024, 1032, 1042, 1052, and 1056) referring to molecular masses not described for the surfactin class, which shows that bacteria from Rocas Atoll might produce unknown surfactin analogs. Erythromycin is a macrolide widely employed as antibiotic agent to treat a number of bacterial infections [39]. It is usually produced by actinobacteria (e.g., Streptomyces and Saccharopolyspora).…”

Section: Molecular Networkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Bacteria from Rocas Atoll as a Rich Source of Pharmacologically Active Compounds

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rocas Atoll is a unique environment in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean, hosting a large number of endemic species, however, studies on the chemical diversity emerging from this biota are rather scarce. Therefore, the present work aims to assess the metabolomic diversity and pharmacological potential of the microbiota from Rocas Atoll. A total of 76 bacteria were isolated and cultured in liquid culture media to obtain crude extracts. About one third (34%) of these extracts were recognized as cytotoxic against human colon adenocarcinoma HCT-116 cell line. 16S rRNA gene sequencing analyses revealed that the bacteria producing cytotoxic extracts were mainly from the Actinobacteria phylum, including Streptomyces, Salinispora, Nocardiopsis, and Brevibacterium genera, and in a smaller proportion from Firmicutes phylum (Bacillus). The search in the spectral library in GNPS (Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking) unveiled a high chemodiversity being produced by these bacteria, including rifamycins, antimycins, desferrioxamines, ferrioxamines, surfactins, surugamides, staurosporines, and saliniketals, along with several unidentified compounds. Using an original approach, molecular networking successfully highlighted groups of compounds responsible for the cytotoxicity of crude extracts. Application of DEREPLICATOR+ (GNPS) allowed the annotation of macrolide novonestimycin derivatives as the cytotoxic compounds existing in the extracts produced by Streptomyces BRB-298 and BRB-302. Overall, these results highlighted the pharmacological potential of bacteria from this singular atoll.

show abstract

“…Although this class of antibiotics is more often known as bacteriostatic drugs, they can exhibit the bactericidal effects at high concentrations [7]. In fact, they terminate protein synthesis in bacteria and result in bacterial growth prevention by binding to the 50 s ribosomal subunit [8]. The safety profile of macrolides requires accurate scrutiny due to the popularity and widespread use of them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of the Effect of Macrolide Antibiotics Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, and Azithromycin on the ERG1 Gene Expression in H9c2 Cardiomyoblast Cells

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Macrolides are clinically well-established class of antibiotics. Macrolides induce cardiotoxicity by blocking ether-a-go-go–related gene (ERG) potassium channels in cardiac myocytes. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of erythromycin, clarithromycin and azithromycin on cell viability and expression of ERG1 gene in H9c2 cells. Cell viability and ERG1 gene expression of H9c2 cells in 3 different concentrations, 1, 10 and 25 µg/ml, after 48 and 72 h were determined by MTT test and Real time-PCR method respectively. After 48 h, the growth of H9c2 cells treated with erythromycin, clarithromycin and Azithromycin (except two doses) were inhibited significantly compared to control group (p<0.05). All three groups of antibiotics showed toxic effects on cells after 72 h in all concentrations. Azithromycin-inhibiting effects were significantly higher than two other groups after 72 h of treatment. The expression of ERG1 gene increased in all three groups of antibiotics by increasing the concentration and duration of treatment. Azithromycin had the most pronounced effect on ERG1 expression in 48 and 72 h. This study indicated that these macrolides affect ERG1 expression due to their potential cardiac adverse effects. Further investigations are required to understand the exact mechanism of cardiotoxicity associated with macrolides.

show abstract

How Macrolide Antibiotics Work

Cited by 247 publications

References 94 publications

Application of Antibiotics/Antimicrobial Agents on Dental Caries

Application of Antibiotics/Antimicrobial Agents on Dental Caries

Marine Bacteria from Rocas Atoll as a Rich Source of Pharmacologically Active Compounds

Comparative Study of the Effect of Macrolide Antibiotics Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, and Azithromycin on the ERG1 Gene Expression in H9c2 Cardiomyoblast Cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About