How Informed Is Online Informed Consent?

Varnhagen, Connie K.; Gushta, Matthew; Daniels, Jason; Peters, Tara C.; Parmar, Neil; Law, Danielle M.; Hirsch, Rachel; Takach, Bonnie Sadler; Johnson, Tom

doi:10.1207/s15327019eb1501_3

Cited by 86 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Varnhagen et al (2005) found that e-mail consent increased the amount participants remembered but was otherwise no different from paper-and-pencil consent. E-mailed surveys are increasingly being used for data collection in studies reported in peerreviewed journals (e.g., Calder et al, 2004 andEllett et al, 2005).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Teaching Excellence: What Great Teachers Teach Us

Johnson-Farmer

Frenn

2009

Journal of Professional Nursing

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Teaching Excellence: What Great Teachers Teach Us

Johnson-Farmer

Frenn

2009

Journal of Professional Nursing

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“…Participants were given online instructions and completed each week’s session from the convenience of their home computer. At week 1 (recruitment), participants were recruited by an online agency, signed an online consent form [25], and completed an online questionnaire on their current saturated fat intake, risk perceptions, self-efficacy, and intentions to change their dietary intake. They also received educational information on the importance of a healthy diet low in saturated fat (Multimedia Appendix 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Web-Based Risk Communication and Planning in an Obese Population: Exploratory Study

Soureti

Murray²,

Cobain³

et al. 2011

J Med Internet Res

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BackgroundA healthy diet, low in saturated fat and high in fiber, is a popular medical recommendation in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD). One approach to motivating healthier eating is to raise individuals’ awareness of their CVD risk and then help them form specific plans to change.ObjectivesThe aim was to explore the combined impact of a Web-based CVD risk message and a fully automated planning tool on risk perceptions, intentions, and saturated fat intake changes over 4 weeks.MethodsOf the 1187 men and women recruited online, 781 were randomly allocated to one of four conditions: a CVD risk message, the same CVD risk message paired with planning, planning on its own, and a control group. All outcome measures were assessed by online self-reports. Generalized linear modeling was used to analyze the data.ResultsSelf-perceived consumption of low saturated fat foods (odds ratio 11.40, 95% CI 1.86–69.68) and intentions to change diet (odds ratio 21.20, 95% CI 2.6–172.4) increased more in participants allocated to the planning than the control group. No difference was observed between the four conditions with regard to percentage saturated fat intake changes. Contrary to our expectations, there was no difference in perceived and percentage saturated fat intake change between the CVD risk message plus planning group and the control group. Risk perceptions among those receiving the CVD risk message changed to be more in line with their age (change in slopeindividual = 0.075, P = .01; change in slopecomparative = 0.100, P = .001), whereas there was no change among those who did not receive the CVD risk message.ConclusionThere was no evidence that combining a CVD risk message with a planning tool reduces saturated fat intake more than either alone. Further research is required to identify ways in which matching motivational and volitional strategies can lead to greater behavior changes.Trial RegistrationInternational Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 91154001; http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN91154001 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/62sBoGeOO)

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“…All subjects gave online informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. It was not possible to obtain written informed consent, as both studies were conducted solely via the Internet, yet online informed consent was shown to be similar to written informed consent (see Varnhagen et al, 2005). The protocol was exempt from approval as stated by the guidelines of the ethics committee of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Zurich, as it passed a checklist of ethical innocuousness (which serves as ethical approval in accordance with the local guidelines).…”

Section: Ethics Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimentally Manipulating Items Informs on the (Limited) Construct and Criterion Validity of the Humor Styles Questionnaire

Ruch

Heintz

2017

Front. Psychol.

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How strongly does humor (i.e., the construct-relevant content) in the Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ; Martin et al., 2003) determine the responses to this measure (i.e., construct validity)? Also, how much does humor influence the relationships of the four HSQ scales, namely affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive, and self-defeating, with personality traits and subjective well-being (i.e., criterion validity)? The present paper answers these two questions by experimentally manipulating the 32 items of the HSQ to only (or mostly) contain humor (i.e., construct-relevant content) or to substitute the humor content with non-humorous alternatives (i.e., only assessing construct-irrelevant context). Study 1 (N = 187) showed that the HSQ affiliative scale was mainly determined by humor, self-enhancing and aggressive were determined by both humor and non-humorous context, and self-defeating was primarily determined by the context. This suggests that humor is not the primary source of the variance in three of the HQS scales, thereby limiting their construct validity. Study 2 (N = 261) showed that the relationships of the HSQ scales to the Big Five personality traits and subjective well-being (positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction) were consistently reduced (personality) or vanished (subjective well-being) when the non-humorous contexts in the HSQ items were controlled for. For the HSQ self-defeating scale, the pattern of relationships to personality was also altered, supporting an positive rather than a negative view of the humor in this humor style. The present findings thus call for a reevaluation of the role that humor plays in the HSQ (construct validity) and in the relationships to personality and well-being (criterion validity).

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How Informed Is Online Informed Consent?

Cited by 86 publications

References 16 publications

Teaching Excellence: What Great Teachers Teach Us

Teaching Excellence: What Great Teachers Teach Us

Web-Based Risk Communication and Planning in an Obese Population: Exploratory Study

Experimentally Manipulating Items Informs on the (Limited) Construct and Criterion Validity of the Humor Styles Questionnaire

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