Abstract:The authors examined adolescents’ detection of features that affect the quality of web information. In experiment 1, participants (12–16 years old) rated the goodness/usefulness of four web‐like documents for a simulated study assignment. Each document came with an issue that potentially undermined its quality. Two documents had source‐related issues (i.e., noncompetent author, outdated), and the other two documents had content‐related issues (i.e., topic mismatch, poor readability). Most students failed to no… Show more
“…Its application procedure was adapted to a group application, and participants wrote down their responses (cf. Macedo-Rouet et al, 2019 ). Two experiment administrators ensured that participants did not annotate any digit/letter while the series were being read aloud.…”
This study explored the influence of reading media and reading time-frame on readers' on-task attention, metacognitive calibration, and reading comprehension. One hundred and forty undergraduates were allocated to one of four experimental conditions varying on the reading medium (in print vs. on screen) and on the reading time-frame (free vs. pressured time). Readers' mindwandering while reading, prediction of performance on a comprehension test, and their text comprehension were measured. In-print readers, but not on-screen readers, mindwandered less on the pressured than in the free time condition, indicating higher task adaptation in print. Accordingly, on-screen readers in the pressured condition comprehended less than the other three groups. Mindwandering and text comprehension were similar under free reading time regardless of medium. Lastly, there were no differences in readers’ metacognitive calibration. The results support the hypothesis of shallow information processing when reading on screen under time constraints.
“…Its application procedure was adapted to a group application, and participants wrote down their responses (cf. Macedo-Rouet et al, 2019 ). Two experiment administrators ensured that participants did not annotate any digit/letter while the series were being read aloud.…”
This study explored the influence of reading media and reading time-frame on readers' on-task attention, metacognitive calibration, and reading comprehension. One hundred and forty undergraduates were allocated to one of four experimental conditions varying on the reading medium (in print vs. on screen) and on the reading time-frame (free vs. pressured time). Readers' mindwandering while reading, prediction of performance on a comprehension test, and their text comprehension were measured. In-print readers, but not on-screen readers, mindwandered less on the pressured than in the free time condition, indicating higher task adaptation in print. Accordingly, on-screen readers in the pressured condition comprehended less than the other three groups. Mindwandering and text comprehension were similar under free reading time regardless of medium. Lastly, there were no differences in readers’ metacognitive calibration. The results support the hypothesis of shallow information processing when reading on screen under time constraints.
“…This may stem from a breakdown in cognitive engagement with epistemic ideals and processes. For example, students can find it difficult to identify competent experts (Macedo-Rouet et al, 2019).…”
Section: What Is Good Epistemic Performance?mentioning
In the so-called “post-truth” world, there exists widespread confusion and disagreement over what is known, how to know, and who to trust. Current education has largely failed to meet the challenges of this world. Grounded in a new analysis of the goals of epistemic education, we argue for new directions in instruction. Our analysis specifies three components of epistemic cognition that education should address: epistemic aims, ideals, and reliable processes. Apt epistemic performance of these components has five interwoven aspects: cognitive engagement in epistemic performance, adapting performance to diverse contexts, metacognitive regulation and understanding of performance, caring and enjoyment, and participation in performance with others. Using this framework, we show how three emblematic “post-truth” problems stem from specific breakdowns in these five aspects. We then use this analysis to argue for new directions in curriculum, instruction, and research that are needed to promote successful epistemic performance in the “post-truth” landscape.
“…presence of an author's name, credentials); message cues (e.g., date, links to other sources); along with qualities of the individual user (e.g., age, prior knowledge, motivation) (Metzger & Flanagin, 2015). In some studies, these cues and qualities appear to be mobilized at random by individuals as they attempt to assess the credibility of information, with few people using a systematic approach Macedo-Rouet, et al, 2019;Walraven et al, 2008;Wineburg & McGrew, 2019). Social psychology research has established that this finding appears to be especially true when users are not motivated to investigate credibility deeply .…”
Section: Challenges In the Online Information Ecosystemmentioning
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