How far do parenting programmes help change norms underpinning violence against adolescents? Evidence from low and middle-income countries

Marcus, Rachel; Rivett, Jenny; Kruja, Krista

doi:10.1080/17441692.2020.1776364

Cited by 17 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In their article, 'How far do parenting programmes help change norms underpinning violence against adolescents? Evidence from low and middle-income countries', Marcus et al (2020) identified a critical gap in the literature on parenting programmes to reduce violence against children. Evidence on parenting programmes' effectiveness to prevent violence against children in lowand middle-income countries (LMICs) and for parents of adolescents is still limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Special Symposium: Social and gender norms and violence against children: exploring their role and strategies for prevention

Kohli

Agastya

Cislaghi

et al. 2021

Global Public Health

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Violence against children occurs in all countries, affecting children of all ages, genders, race and socio-economic strata. A multiplicity of factors contributes to children's experience of violence. Social and gender norms can act as risk and protective factors exposing children to violence or preventing them from having well-being and healthy development. This Special Symposium was conceived of during the first International Viable and Operable Ideas for Child Equality (VOICE) Conference in 2018 in Bali, Indonesia. The four manuscripts in this Special Symposium illustrate with evidence the importance of social norms to preventing violence against children and the importance of understanding norms in context. The authors find that understanding how geographic location, social cohesion, group roles and identities, age and gendered expectations inform whether, when and which children experience violence, who perpetrates it, and how individuals and communities respond to it. The global COVID-19 pandemic has illustrated how rapidly behaviours can shift towards caregiving and health, as well as against it. If we are to prevent violence against children, and ensure the safety, well-being, and opportunity to thrive for all children, advancing our understanding of norms in relation to violence against children is critical to effective programming and learning.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Special Symposium: Social and gender norms and violence against children: exploring their role and strategies for prevention

Kohli

Agastya

Cislaghi

et al. 2021

Global Public Health

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“…Other parenting interventions have targeted adolescent-caregiver communication as a means of reducing the risk of new adolescent HIV infections [ 62 , 63 ], including within PEPFAR-USAID supported programmes delivered in Sub-Saharan Africa focusing on adolescent girls and young women. Adolescent-caregiver communication has also been identified as a key aspect of many violence prevention parenting programmes [ 64 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other parenting interventions have targeted adolescentcaregiver communication as a means of reducing the risk of new adolescent HIV infections [62,63], including within PEPFAR-USAID supported programmes delivered in Sub-Saharan Africa focusing on adolescent girls and young women. Adolescent-caregiver communication has also been identified as a key aspect of many violence prevention parenting programmes [64]. Universally offered parenting programmes may support mental health among adolescents by strengthening adolescent-caregiver relationships and communication, without specifically focusing on families of adolescents living with or affected by HIV and thus reduce the risk of stigma or accidental disclosure [65], which may be one of the multiple decision-making considerations in choosing a programme [66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships with caregivers and mental health outcomes among adolescents living with HIV: a prospective cohort study in South Africa

et al. 2021

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Background Mental health problems may impact adherence to anti-retroviral treatment, retention in care, and consequently the survival of adolescents living with HIV. The adolescent-caregiver relationship is an important potential source of resilience. However, there is a lack of longitudinal research in sub-Saharan Africa on which aspects of adolescent-caregiver relationships can promote mental health among adolescents living with HIV. We draw on a prospective longitudinal cohort study undertaken in South Africa to address this question. Methods The study traced adolescents aged 10–19 initiated on antiretroviral treatment in government health facilities (n = 53) within a health district of the Eastern Cape province. The adolescents completed standardised questionnaires during three data collection waves between 2014 and 2018. We used within-between multilevel regressions to examine the links between three aspects of adolescent-caregiver relationships (caregiver supervision, positive caregiving, and adolescent-caregiver communication) and adolescent mental health (depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms), controlling for potential confounders (age, sex, rural/urban residence, mode of infection, household resources), n=926 adolescents. Results Improvements in caregiver supervision were associated with reductions in anxiety (0.98, 95% CI 0.97–0.99, p=0.0002) but not depression symptoms (0.99, 95% CI 0.98–1.00, p=.151), while changes in positive caregiving were not associated with changes in mental health symptoms reported by adolescents. Improvements in adolescent-caregiver communication over time were associated with reductions in both depression (IRR=0.94, 95% CI 0.92–0.97, p<.0001) and anxiety (0.91, 95% CI 0.89–0.94, p<.0001) symptoms reported by adolescents. Conclusions Findings highlight open and supportive adolescent-caregiver communication and good caregiver supervision as potential factors for guarding against mental health problems among adolescents living with HIV in South Africa. Several evidence-informed parenting programmes aim to improve adolescent-caregiver communication and caregiver supervision, and their effect on depression and anxiety among adolescents living with HIV should be rigorously tested in sub-Saharan Africa. How to improve communication in other settings, such as schools and clinics, and provide communication support for caregivers, adolescents, and service providers through these existing services should also be considered.

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“…of reducing the risk of new adolescent HIV infections (62,63), including within PEPFAR-USAID supported programmes delivered in Sub-Saharan Africa focusing on adolescent girls and young women. Adolescent-caregiver communication has also been identified as a key aspect of many violence prevention parenting programmes (64).…”

Section: Other Parenting Interventions Have Targeted Adolescent-caregmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships with caregivers and mental health outcomes among adolescents living with HIV: A prospective cohort study in South Africa

Shenderovich

Boyes

Esposti

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Mental health problems may impact adherence to anti-retroviral treatment, retention in care, and consequently the survival of adolescents living with HIV. The adolescent-caregiver relationship is an important potential source of resilience. However, there is a lack of longitudinal research in sub-Saharan Africa on which aspects of adolescent-caregiver relationships can promote mental health among adolescents living with HIV. We draw on a prospective longitudinal cohort study undertaken in South Africa to address this question. Methods The study traced adolescents aged 10-19 initiated on antiretroviral treatment in government health facilities ( n = 53) within a health district of the Eastern Cape province. The adolescents completed standardised questionnaires during three data collection waves between 2014 and 2018. We used within-between multilevel regressions to examine the links between three aspects of adolescent-caregiver relationships (caregiver supervision, positive caregiving, and adolescent-caregiver communication) and adolescent mental health (depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms), controlling for potential confounders (age, sex, rural/urban residence, mode of infection, household resources), n =926 adolescents. Results Improvements in caregiver supervision were associated with reductions in anxiety (0.98, 95% CI 0.97-0.99, p=0.0002) but not depression symptoms (0.99, 95% CI 0.98-1.00, p=.151), while changes in positive caregiving were not associated with changes in mental health symptoms reported by adolescents. Improvements in adolescent-caregiver communication over time were associated with reductions in both depression (IRR=0.94, 95% CI 0.92-0.97, p<.0001) and anxiety (0.91, 95% CI 0.89-0.94, p<.0001) symptoms reported by adolescents. Conclusions Findings highlight open and supportive adolescent-caregiver communication and good caregiver supervision as potential factors for guarding against mental health problems among adolescents living with HIV in South Africa. Several evidence-informed parenting programmes aim to improve adolescent-caregiver communication and caregiver supervision, and their effect on depression and anxiety among adolescents living with HIV should be rigorously tested in sub-Saharan Africa. How to improve communication in other settings, such as schools and clinics, and provide communication support for caregivers, adolescents, and service providers through these existing services should also be considered.

show abstract

How far do parenting programmes help change norms underpinning violence against adolescents? Evidence from low and middle-income countries

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

Special Symposium: Social and gender norms and violence against children: exploring their role and strategies for prevention

Special Symposium: Social and gender norms and violence against children: exploring their role and strategies for prevention

Relationships with caregivers and mental health outcomes among adolescents living with HIV: a prospective cohort study in South Africa

Relationships with caregivers and mental health outcomes among adolescents living with HIV: A prospective cohort study in South Africa

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