How effective are rapid diagnostic tests for Chagas disease?

Pinazo, María Jesús; Gascón, Joaquim; Alonso-Padilla, Julio

doi:10.1080/14787210.2021.1873130

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Point-of-care testing may overcome some of the challenges faced when screening these high-risk vulnerable populations and may be used in community screening programs. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are an easy-to-use alternative to conventional tests with high sensitivity and specificity which can improve the access to diagnosis [ 99 ]. Innovative strategies such as coupling ELISA to smartphones for testing of chronic and congenital CD in primary health care or community settings have also been developed to facilitate early diagnosis and management [ 100 ].…”

Section: Screening Strategies and Mitigation Of The Burden Of Under-d...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chagas Disease in Europe

Gonzalez-Sanz,

Crespillo-Andújar,

Chamorro-Tojeiro

et al. 2023

TropicalMed

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Chagas disease is currently present in many non-endemic countries and remains a neglected tropical disease globally. A review of the literature identified significant gaps and scarcity of updated information from European countries, with most studies reporting data from Spain and Italy. The index of underdiagnosis may be as high as 70%, affecting mainly females of child-bearing age. Standardized screening of fertile, non-pregnant, women from endemic countries and subsequent treatment is considered an essential strategy to control transmission and prevent new cases, yet no uniform legislation for screening risk groups exists. There is heterogeneity in Europe in terms of preventive strategies to avoid transfusion-related transmission of Chagas disease, not necessarily in line with the European directives, with some countries conducting systematic screening for T. cruzi infection in blood donors, whilst others rely on pre-transfusion questionnaires. The growing burden of the infection in resource-rich areas may provide an opportunity for progress in certain aspects of control and prevention. Options for improving screening strategies, management and linkage to care are reviewed.

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Section: Screening Strategies and Mitigation Of The Burden Of Under-d...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chagas Disease in Europe

Gonzalez-Sanz,

Crespillo-Andújar,

Chamorro-Tojeiro

et al. 2023

TropicalMed

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“…Positive results need to be confirmed with two positive conventional tests. 69 Initially developed to facilitate testing in endemic areas, they have been successfully used in non-endemic countries, as a point-of-care test in screening events designed to attract people at risk (Elkheir, poster communication in ECCMID 2022).…”

Section: Laboratory Diagnosis Of Chagas Disease In the Non-endemic Se...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Chagas Disease: An Increasing Challenge in Non-Endemic Areas

Suárez¹,

Nolder²,

García-Mingo³

et al. 2022

RRTM

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Chagas disease (CD) is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi , and it is endemic in Central, South America, Mexico and the South of the United States. It is an important cause of early mortality and morbidity, and it is associated with poverty and stigma. A third of the cases evolve into chronic cardiomyopathy and gastrointestinal disease. The infection is transmitted vertically and by blood/organ donation and can reactivate with immunosuppression. Case identification requires awareness and screening programmes targeting the population at risk (women in reproductive age, donors, immunocompromised patients). Treatment with benznidazole or nifurtimox is most effective in the acute phase and prevents progression to chronic phase when given to children. Treating women antenatally reduces but does not eliminate vertical transmission. Treatment is poorly tolerated, contraindicated during pregnancy, and has little effect modifying the disease in the chronic phase. Screening is easily performed with serology. Migration has brought the disease outside of the endemic countries, where the transmission continues vertically and via blood and tissue/organ donations. There are more than 32 million migrants from Latin America living in non-endemic countries. However, the infection is massively underdiagnosed in this setting due to the lack of awareness by patients, health authorities and professionals. Blood and tissue donation screening policies have significantly reduced transmission in endemic countries but are not universally established in the non-endemic setting. Antenatal screening is not commonly done. Other challenges include difficulties accessing and retaining patients in the healthcare system and lack of specific funding for the interventions. Any strategy must be accompanied by education and awareness campaigns directed to patients, professionals and policy makers. The involvement of patients and their communities is central and key for success and must be sought early and actively. This review proposes strategies to address challenges faced by non-endemic countries.

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“…Conventional reactions such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test, indirect immunofluorescence (IFI), indirect hemagglutination (IHA) and, chemiluminescence (ChLIA) are currently under use (4). More recently, the use of rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) are indicated in order to improve the diagnosis in remote areas in which conventional techniques are not available (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity and specificity of a rapid diagnostic test for chronic Chagas disease at a referral center in Brazil - can it be included as a standard serological diagnostic test in the clinical practice of a referral center?

Hasslocher‐Moreno

Georg

Sangenis

et al. 2021

MIC

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Introduction: Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected tropical disease. In the chronic phase of CD, the diagnosis is essentially serologic. Conventional reactions are currently in use. More recently, the use of rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) is indicated when conventional techniques are not available. Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of RDTs for chronic CD diagnosis. Methodology: Individuals under suspicion of CD were evaluated using ELISA, Chemiluminescence (ChLIA) and RDT tests. Results: The RDT showed 95.1% sensitivity and 96.7% specificity, respectively. Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that RDT used in the diagnosis of CD at a referral center in Brazil were not able to detect all CD cases when compared to Elisa and ChLIA.

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How effective are rapid diagnostic tests for Chagas disease?

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Chagas Disease in Europe

Chagas Disease in Europe

Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Chagas Disease: An Increasing Challenge in Non-Endemic Areas

Sensitivity and specificity of a rapid diagnostic test for chronic Chagas disease at a referral center in Brazil - can it be included as a standard serological diagnostic test in the clinical practice of a referral center?

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