How Economics Shapes Science

Stephan, Paula E.

doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674062757

Cited by 656 publications

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“…The economic structure of society has played an important role in shaping scientific research in the past century (Stephan, 2012). These days, science is a professional activity, and scientists have more pressures to find and secure funding sources, which could impact the quality of their scientific output.…”

Section: Limited Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the behavioral sciences self-correct? A social epistemic study

Romero

2016

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A

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Advocates of the self-corrective thesis argue that scientific method will refute false theories and find closer approximations to the truth in the long run. I discuss a contemporary interpretation of this thesis in terms of frequentist statistics in the context of the behavioral sciences. First, I identify experimental replications and systematic aggregation of evidence (meta-analysis) as the self-corrective mechanism. Then, I present a computer simulation study of scientific communities that implement this mechanism to argue that frequentist statistics may converge upon a correct estimate or not depending on the social structure of the community that uses it. Based on this study, I argue that methodological explanations of the "replicability crisis" in psychology are limited and propose an alternative explanation in terms of biases. Finally, I conclude suggesting that scientific self-correction should be understood as an interaction e↵ect between inference methods and social structures.

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Section: Limited Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the behavioral sciences self-correct? A social epistemic study

Romero

2016

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A

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“…As participants on multiple review panels and scientific councils, we have heard many lament researchers' reluctance to take risks. Yet we've seen the same panels eschew risk and rely on bibliometric indicators for assessments, despite widespread agreement that they are imperfect measures [1][2][3][4][5][6] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Reviewers are blinkered by bibliometrics

Stephan

Veugelers

Wang

2017

Nature

Self Cite

153

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“…This is the case with fundamental research, which predominantly in the developed world is financed by governmental grants. Fomenting the creation of new tools for their industry constitutes a main motive for continuing to do so (Stephan 2012). The case of traditional knowledge (here encompassing indigenous, tribal and grassroots innovation) is less fortunate, a lobby demanding funds seems unable to recruit sufficient political influence for this branch of innovation, leaving the support for a stimulating infrastructure and network in a precarious state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sharing in or Benefiting from Scientific Advancement?

Timmermann

2013

Sci Eng Ethics

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The intellectual property regimes we have currently in place are heavily under attack. One of the points of criticism is the interaction between two elements of article 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the widely discussed issue of being able to benefit from scientific progress and the less argued for position of having a right to take part in scientific enterprises. To shine light on the question if we should balance the two elements or prioritize one of them, an exploration will be offered on how benefiting from scientific progress and the ability to participate in the advancement of science relate to securing human capabilities. A different perspective to the question will be gained by identifying the problem as an issue of misrecognition, especially the failure to recognize many willing collaboration partners in scientific research as peers. Lastly, I will argue that cooperative justice requires that if we have an innovation incentive system that disproportionally benefits one particular group, a certain duty to counterbalance this advantage exists when we are relying on mutual cooperation for the recognition of intellectual property rights.

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How Economics Shapes Science

Cited by 656 publications

References 0 publications

Can the behavioral sciences self-correct? A social epistemic study

Can the behavioral sciences self-correct? A social epistemic study

Reviewers are blinkered by bibliometrics

Sharing in or Benefiting from Scientific Advancement?

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