How does semantic knowledge impact working memory maintenance? Computational and behavioral investigations

Kowialiewski, Benjamin; Lemaire, Benoı̂t; Portrat, Sophie

doi:10.1016/j.jml.2020.104208

Cited by 24 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Data It was recently shown (Kowialiewski et al, 2021) that the presence of semantic relatedness in a to-be-remembered list frees up WM resources, as previously observed using chunks (Portrat, Guida, Phénix, & Lemaire, 2016;Thalmann, Souza, & Oberauer, 2019). In this study, semantic relatedness was manipulated by presenting triplets of semantically related items either at the beginning (T1) or at the end (T2) of a six-itemtobe-remembered list.…”

Section: Model Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Datasets The validity of this model was tested on three different sets of data: two datasets (Kowialiewski et al, 2021;Kowialiewski & Majerus, 2020) that include semantic and neutral conditions (i.e., the neutral condition being a semantically unrelated condition), and the data from Poirier et al (2015), which we already described in the Introduction. The model is based on several parameters that partially depend on the task.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This activation is supposed to occur directly in the long-term memory knowledge base. Semantically related items are connected via direct bidirectional excitatory connections, whose plausibility to model semantic effects in WM has already been demonstrated in three independent models (Haarmann & Usher, 2001;Kowialiewski & Majerus, 2020;Kowialiewski, Portrat, & Lemaire, 2021). The items are successively activated with decreasing strength using an activation gradient.…”

Section: Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Can activated long-term memory maintain serial order information?

et al. 2021

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The maintenance of serial order information is a core component of working memory (WM). Many theoretical models assume the existence of specific serial order mechanisms. Those are considered to be independent from the linguistic system supporting maintenance of item information. This is based on studies showing that psycholinguistic factors strongly affect the ability to maintain item information, while leaving order recall relatively unaffected. Recent language-based accounts suggest, however, that the linguistic system could provide mechanisms that are sufficient for serial order maintenance. A strong version of these accounts postulates serial order maintenance as emerging from the pattern of activation occurring in the linguistic system. In the present study, we tested this assumption via a computational modeling approach by implementing a purely activation-based architecture. We tested this architecture against several experiments involving the manipulation of semantic relatedness, a psycholinguistic variable that has been shown to interact with serial order processing in a complex manner. We show that this activation-based architecture struggles to account for interactions between semantic knowledge and serial order processing. This study fails to support activated long-term memory as an exclusive mechanism supporting serial order maintenance.

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Section: Model Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Can activated long-term memory maintain serial order information?

et al. 2021

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“…Data. It was recently shown (Kowialiewski et al, 2021) that the presence of semantic relatedness in a to-be-remembered list frees up working memory resources, as previously observed using chunks (Portrat et al, 2016;Thalmann et al, 2019). In this study, semantic relatedness was manipulated by presenting triplets of semantically related items either at the beginning (T1) or at the end (T2) of a 6-item to-be-remembered list.…”

Section: Architecturementioning

confidence: 71%

“…This activation is supposed to occur directly in the long-term memory knowledge base. Semantically related items are connected via direct bidirectional excitatory connections, whose plausibility to model semantic effects in WM has already been demonstrated in three independent models (Haarmann & Usher, 2001;Kowialiewski et al, 2021; other semantically related items. Recall is performed by successively retrieving each item according to their activation value.…”

Section: Architecturementioning

confidence: 94%

Can activated long-term memory maintain serial order information?

Kowialiewski¹,

Lemaire²,

Majerus³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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The maintenance of serial order information is a core component of Working Memory (WM). Many theoretical models assume the existence of specific serial order mechanisms. Those are considered to be independent from the linguistic system supporting maintenance of item information. This is based on studies showing that psycholinguistic factors strongly affect the ability to maintain item information, while leaving order recall relatively unaffected. Recent language-based accounts suggest however that the linguistic system could provide mechanisms that are sufficient for serial order maintenance. A strong version of these accounts postulates serial order maintenance as emerging from the pattern of activation occurring in the linguistic system. In the present study, we tested this assumption via a computational modeling approach, by implementing a purely activation-based architecture. We tested this architecture against several experiments involving the manipulation of semantic relatedness, a psycholinguistic variable that has been shown to interact with serial order processing in a complex manner. We show that this activation-based architecture struggles to account for interactions between semantic knowledge and serial order processing. This study fails to support activated long-term memory as an exclusive mechanism supporting serial order maintenance.

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Effects of related decorative pictures on learning and metacognition

2023

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Research suggests that explanatory pictures support learning, whereas pictures that distract processing resources from the main ideas of a text may impair learning and are considered as seductive illustrations. However, non-explanatory pictures that are related to the text and that do not tempt readers to focus illustrations more than the text’s main ideas might improve learning through spreading activation processes during learning. This effect might be reflected in memory measures or in metacognitive measures. Therefore, in two experiments, we tested related decorative pictures for positive effects on knowledge and transfer performance and metacognitive monitoring. Results indicate positive effects of related pictures on knowledge acquisition (Experiment 1) and metacognitive monitoring (Experiment 2). In neither experiment, related pictures enhanced transfer performance or interest (measured as triggered and maintained situational interest). This pattern of results can be explained by automatic mutual facilitation of related materials based on spreading activation processes.

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How does semantic knowledge impact working memory maintenance? Computational and behavioral investigations

Cited by 24 publications

References 85 publications

Can activated long-term memory maintain serial order information?

Can activated long-term memory maintain serial order information?

Can activated long-term memory maintain serial order information?

Effects of related decorative pictures on learning and metacognition

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