How does radiation kill cells?

Cohen–Jonathan, Elizabeth; Bernhard, Eric J.; McKenna, W. Gillies

doi:10.1016/s1367-5931(99)80014-3

Cited by 275 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

165

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Our first observation was that DC were resistant to radiation, even following a single high-dose fraction of 30 Gy (Figure 1). It should be noted that in this context resistance applies to radiationinduced apoptosis and early death, rather than later potential mitotic cell death as described for dividing cells, with loss of clonogenicity (Cohen-Jonathan et al, 1999). Some increase in loss of IDC was seen over time with irradiation, though this was not statistically significant, and MDC lost viability at identical rates with or without treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Immunosuppressive effects of radiation on human dendritic cells: reduced IL-12 production on activation and impairment of naïve T-cell priming

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) of the immune system, uniquely able to prime naïve T-cell responses. They are the focus of a range of novel strategies for the immunotherapy of cancer, a proportion of which include treating DC with ionising radiation to high dose. The effects of radiation on DC have not, however, been fully characterised. We therefore cultured human myeloid DC from CD14 þ precursors, and studied the effects of ionising radiation on their phenotype and function. Dendritic cells were remarkably resistant against radiation-induced apoptosis, showed limited changes in surface phenotype, and mostly maintained their endocytic, phagocytic and migratory capacity. However, irradiated DC were less effective in a mixed lymphocyte reaction, and on maturation produced significantly less IL-12 than unirradiated controls, while IL-10 secretion was maintained. Furthermore, peptide-pulsed irradiated mature DC were less effective at naïve T-cell priming, stimulating fewer effector cells with lower cytotoxicity against antigen-specific targets. Hence irradiation of DC in vitro, and potentially in vivo, has a significant impact on their function, and may shift the balance between T-cell activation and tolerisation in DC-mediated immune responses.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Immunosuppressive effects of radiation on human dendritic cells: reduced IL-12 production on activation and impairment of naïve T-cell priming

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interestingly, despite the wild-type p53 status of the MCF-7 cells and the apparent repair defect manifested by persistence of radiation-induced gH2AX foci, the significant growth reduction of irradiated cells induced by inhibition of these enzymes was not accompanied by increase in levels of apoptosis (Cowell et al, 2005). An insight into this effect may come from findings that non-apoptotic forms of cell death can contribute to increased radiation-induced lethality (Jonathan et al, 1999;Sato et al, 2000).…”

Section: Combinations Of Dna-repair Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing the complexity of DNA-damage response pathways to improve cancer treatment outcomes

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Apoptosis may occur immediately after irradiation, as an interphase death ('fast apoptosis'), after G2 arrest, or after one or several cell divisions ('late apoptosis') (Cohen-Jonathan et al, 1999). Although some studies have correlated the apoptotic response with radiosensitivity (Olive and Durand, 1997), others have failed to do so (Hendry and West, 1997;Kyprianou et al, 1997;Roninson et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%